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Journal of Virology, October 2002, p. 10169-10176, Vol. 76, No. 20
0022-538X/02/$04.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/JVI.76.20.10169-10176.2002
Copyright © 2002, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Specific CD8+ T-Cell Responses Do Not Predict Viral Growth and Clearance Rates during Structured Intermittent Antiretroviral Therapy

Annette Oxenius,1 Angela R. McLean,2 Marek Fischer,3 David A. Price,1 Sarah J. Dawson,1 Roland Hafner,3 Christine Schneider,3 Helen Joller,4 Bernard Hirschel,5 Rodney E. Phillips,1 Rainer Weber,3 Huldrych F. Günthard,3,{dagger}* and for the Swiss HIV Cohort Study Group

Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford OX3 9DU,1 Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3PS, United Kingdom,2 Division of Infectious Diseases,3 Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, University Hospital Zurich, 8091 Zurich,4 Division of Infectious Diseases, University Hospital Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland5

Received 11 March 2002/ Accepted 8 July 2002

There is a continuing search for better ways to use existing drugs against human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). One idea is to use short therapy interruptions to "autovaccinate" HIV-infected patients. A group of 13 chronically HIV-infected patients enrolled in a trial of such so-called structured treatment interruptions (STIs) were intensively studied with respect to their viral load (VL) and HIV-specific CD8+ T-cell (cytotoxic T-lymphocyte [CTL]) responses. We found that 10 of the 13 patients had plateau VLs after STIs that were lower than their pretreatment VLs. While viral rebound rates became lower over STIs, there were no changes in clearance rates. Although numbers of CTLs did increase over the same time that viral rebounds decreased, there was no correlation between CTL count and either viral rebound rates or clearance rates. Finally, we asked whether absolute numbers of or changes in numbers of CTLs predict plateau VLs after STIs. No measure of CTLs was able to predict plateau VLs. Thus, there was no signature in these data of an important contribution to virological control from HIV-specific CD8+ T lymphocytes.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: University Hospital Zurich, Division of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Epidemiology, Rämistrasse 100, CH-8091 Zürich, Switzerland. Phone: 41 1 255 34 50. Fax: 41 1 255 32 91. E-mail: huldrych.guenthard{at}dim.usz.ch.

{dagger} The members of the Swiss HIV Cohort Study Group are as follows: M. Battegay and H. Bucher, University Hospital Basel, Basel; E. Bernasconi and J.-C. Piffaretti, Ospedale Civico Lugano, Lugano; P. Bürgisser, P. Francioli, G. Pantaleo, M. Rickenbach, and A. Telenti, University Hospital Lausanne, Lausanne; M. Egger, University of Bern, Bern; P. Erb and T. Klimkait, University of Basel, Basel; W. Fierz, P. Vernazza, and T. Wagels, Kantonsspital St. Gallen, St. Gallen; M. Fischer, M. Flepp, H. Günthard, P. Grob, B. Ledergerber, U. Lauper, M. Opravil, R. Speck, A. Trkola, and R. Weber, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich; H. J. Furrer and M. Gorgievski, University Hospital Bern, Bern; B. Hirschel, L. Kaiser, L. Perrin, and S. Yerly, University Hospital Geneva, Geneva; C. Kind, Kantonsspital St. Gallen, St. Gallen; F. Paccaud, University of Lausanne, Lausanne; C. Rudin, Kantonsspital Liestal, Liestal; and J. Schüpbach, University of Zurich, Zurich.

Journal of Virology, October 2002, p. 10169-10176, Vol. 76, No. 20
0022-538X/02/$04.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/JVI.76.20.10169-10176.2002
Copyright © 2002, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



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