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Journal of Virology, September 2002, p. 9457-9464, Vol. 76, No. 18
0022-538X/02/$04.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/JVI.76.18.9457-9464.2002
Copyright © 2002, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

The Cauliflower Mosaic Virus Virion-Associated Protein Is Dispensable for Viral Replication in Single Cells

Kappei Kobayashi,1 Seiji Tsuge,2 Livia Stavolone,1 and Thomas Hohn1*

Friedrich Miescher Institute, Basel, Switzerland,1 Laboratory of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyoto Prefectural University, Kyoto, Japan2

Received 26 December 2001/ Accepted 3 June 2002

Cauliflower mosaic virus (CaMV) open reading frame III (ORF III) codes for a virion-associated protein (Vap), which is one of two viral proteins essential for aphid transmission. However, unlike the aphid transmission factor encoded by CaMV ORF II, Vap is also essential for systemic infection, suggesting that it is a multifunctional protein. To elucidate the additional function or functions of Vap, we tested the replication of noninfectious ORF III-defective mutants in transfected turnip protoplasts. PCR and Western blot analyses revealed that CaMV replication had occurred with an efficiency similar to that of wild-type virus and without leading to reversions. Electron microscopic examination revealed that an ORF III frameshift mutant formed normally structured virions. These results demonstrate that Vap is dispensable for replication in single cells and is not essential for virion morphogenesis. Analysis of inoculated turnip leaves showed that the ORF III frameshift mutant does not cause any detectable local infection. These results are strongly indicative of a role for Vap in virus movement.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Miescher Institute, P.O. Box 2543, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland. Phone: 41-61-697-7266. Fax: 41-61-697-3976. E-mail: hohn{at}fmi.ch.

Journal of Virology, September 2002, p. 9457-9464, Vol. 76, No. 18
0022-538X/02/$04.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/JVI.76.18.9457-9464.2002
Copyright © 2002, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



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