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Journal of Virology, September 2002, p. 9024-9034, Vol. 76, No. 18
0022-538X/02/$04.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/JVI.76.18.9024-9034.2002
Copyright © 2002, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Analysis of the Complete Genome Sequence of the Hz-1 Virus Suggests that It Is Related to Members of the Baculoviridae

Chia-Hsiung Cheng,1 Su-Mei Liu,2 Teh-Yuan Chow,2 Yu-Yun Hsiao,3 Dan-Ping Wang,3 Jiann-Jang Huang,2 and Hong-Hwa Chen1,3*

Institute of Biotechnology,1 Department of Biology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701,3 Institute of Botany, Academic Sinica, Nankang, Taipei 105, Taiwan2

Received 10 February 2002/ Accepted 6 June 2002

We report the complete sequence of a large rod-shaped DNA virus, called the Hz-1 virus. This virus persistently infects the Heliothis zea cell lines. The Hz-1 virus has a double-stranded circular DNA genome of 228,089 bp encoding 154 open reading frames (ORFs) and also expresses a persistence-associated transcript 1, PAT1. The G+C content of the Hz-1 virus genome is 41.8%, with a gene density of one gene per 1.47 kb. Sequence analysis revealed that a 9.6-kb region at 43.6 to 47.8 map units harbors five cellular genes encoding proteins with homology to dUTP pyrophosphatase, matrix metalloproteinase, deoxynucleoside kinase, glycine hydroxymethyltransferase, and ribonucleotide reductase large subunit. Other cellular homologs were also detected dispersed in the viral genome. Several baculovirus homologs were detected in the Hz-1 virus genome. These include PxOrf-70, PxOrf-29, AcOrf-81, AcOrf-96, AcOrf-22, VLF-1, RNA polymerase LEF-8 (orf50), and two structural proteins, p74 and p91. The Hz-1 virus p74 homolog shows high structural conservation with a double transmembrane domain at its C terminus. Phylogenetic analysis of the p74 revealed that the Hz-1 virus is evolutionarily distant from the baculoviruses. Another distinctive feature of the Hz-1 virus genome is a gene that is involved in insect development. However, the remainder of the ORFs (81%) encoded proteins that bear no homology to any known proteins. In conclusion, the sequence differences between the Hz-1 virus and the baculoviruses outnumber the similarities and suggest that the Hz-1 virus may form a new family of viruses distantly related to the Baculoviridae.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: College of Sciences, Institute of Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University, 1 University Rd., Tainan 701, Taiwan. Phone: 886-6-275-7575, ext. 65521. Fax: 886-6-276-6505. E-mail: hhchen{at}mail.ncku.edu.tw.

Journal of Virology, September 2002, p. 9024-9034, Vol. 76, No. 18
0022-538X/02/$04.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/JVI.76.18.9024-9034.2002
Copyright © 2002, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



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