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Journal of Virology, August 2002, p. 8090-8100, Vol. 76, No. 16
0022-538X/02/$04.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/JVI.76.16.8090-8100.2002
Copyright © 2002, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

The Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 US11 Protein Binds the Coterminal UL12, UL13, and UL14 RNAs and Regulates UL13 Expression In Vivo

Helen L. Attrill, Sarah A. Cumming, J. Barklie Clements, and Sheila V. Graham*

IBLS Division of Virology, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G11 5JR, United Kingdom

Received 19 November 2001/ Accepted 2 May 2002

The US11 protein of herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) is a small, highly basic phosphoprotein expressed at late times during infection. US11 localizes to the nucleolus in infected cells, can associate with ribosomes, and has been shown to bind RNA. The RNA substrates of US11 identified thus far have no apparent role in the virus lytic cycle, so we set out to identify a novel, biologically relevant RNA substrate(s) for this protein in HSV-1-infected cells. We designed a reverse transcriptase PCR-based protocol that allowed specific selection of a 600-bp RNA binding partner for US11. This RNA sequence, designated 12/14, is present in the coterminal HSV-1 mRNAs UL12, UL13, and UL14. We show that the binding of US11 to 12/14 is sequence-specific and mediated by the C-terminal domain of the protein. To elucidate the role of US11 in the virus life cycle, we infected cells with wild-type virus, a cosmid-reconstructed US11 HSV-1 null mutant, and a cosmid-reconstructed wild-type virus and analyzed expression of UL12, -13, and -14 during a time course of infection. These experiments revealed that this interaction has biological activity; at early times of infection, US11 down-regulates UL13 protein kinase mRNA and protein.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Institute of Virology, University of Glasgow, Church St., Glasgow G11 5JR, Scotland, United Kingdom. Phone: 44 141 330 6256. Fax: 44 141 337 2236. E-mail: gbga69{at}udcf.gla.ac.uk.

Journal of Virology, August 2002, p. 8090-8100, Vol. 76, No. 16
0022-538X/02/$04.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/JVI.76.16.8090-8100.2002
Copyright © 2002, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



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