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Journal of Virology, July 2002, p. 7060-7072, Vol. 76, No. 14
0022-538X/02/$04.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/JVI.76.14.7060-7072.2002
Copyright © 2002, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Processing Map and Essential Cleavage Sites of the Nonstructural Polyprotein Encoded by ORF1 of the Feline Calicivirus Genome

Laboratory of Infectious Diseases,¹ Research Technologies Branch, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-8007²

Received 25 January 2002/ Accepted 16 April 2002

Feline calicivirus (FCV) nonstructural proteins are translated as part of a large polyprotein that undergoes autocatalytic processing by the virus-encoded 3C-like proteinase. In this study, we mapped three new cleavage sites (E⁴⁶/A⁴⁷, E³³¹/D³³², and E⁶⁸⁵/N⁶⁸⁶) recognized by the virus proteinase in the N-terminal part of the open reading frame 1 (ORF1) polyprotein to complete the processing map. Taken together with two sites we identified previously (E⁹⁶⁰/A⁹⁶¹ and E¹⁰⁷¹/S¹⁰⁷²), the FCV ORF1 polyprotein contains five cleavage sites that define the borders of six proteins with calculated molecular masses of 5.6, 32, 38.9, 30.1, 12.7, and 75.7 kDa, which we designated p5.6, p32, p39 (NTPase), p30, p13 (VPg), and p76 (Pro-Pol), respectively. Mutagenesis of the E to A in each of these cleavage sites in an infectious FCV cDNA clone was lethal for the virus, indicating that these cleavages are essential in a productive virus infection. Mutagenesis of two cleavage sites (E¹³⁴⁵/T¹³⁴⁶ and E¹⁴¹⁹/G¹⁴²⁰) within the 75.7-kDa Pro-Pol protein previously mapped in bacterial expression studies was not lethal.

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