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Journal of Virology, July 2002, p. 6718-6728, Vol. 76, No. 13
0022-538X/02/$04.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/JVI.76.13.6718-6728.2002
Copyright © 2002, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Identification and Characterization of the UL56 Gene Product of Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2

Tetsuo Koshizuka,1,2 Fumi Goshima,1 Hiroki Takakuwa,1 Naoki Nozawa,1 Tohru Daikoku,1 Osamu Koiwai,2 and Yukihiro Nishiyama1*

Laboratory of Virology, Research Institute for Disease Mechanism and Control, Nagoya University School of Medicine, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8550,1 Department of Applied Biological Science, Faculty of Science & Technology, Science University of Tokyo, Noda 278-8510, Japan2

Received 6 December 2001/ Accepted 1 April 2002

The UL56 gene product of herpes simplex virus (HSV) has been shown to play an important role in viral pathogenicity. However, the properties and functions of the UL56 protein are little understood. We raised rabbit polyclonal antisera specific for the UL56 protein of HSV type 2 (HSV-2) and examined its expression and properties. The gene product was identified as three polypeptides with apparent molecular masses ranging from 32 to 35 kDa in HSV-2-infected cells, and at least one species was phosphorylated. Studies of their origins showed that the UL56 protein of HSV-2 is also translated from the upstream in-frame methionine codon that is not present in the HSV-1 genome. Synthesis was first detected at 6 h postinfection and was not abolished by the viral DNA synthesis inhibitor phosphonoacetic acid. Indirect immunofluorescence studies revealed that the UL56 protein localized to both the Golgi apparatus and cytoplasmic vesicles in HSV-2-infected and single UL56-expressing cells. Deletion mutant analysis showed that the C-terminal hydrophobic region of the protein was required for association with the cytoplasmic membrane and that the N-terminal proline-rich region was important for its translocation to the Golgi apparatus and cytoplasmic vesicles. Moreover, the results of protease digestion assays and sucrose gradient fractionation strongly suggested that UL56 is a tail-anchored type II membrane protein associated with lipid rafts. We thus hypothesized that the UL56 protein, as a tail-anchored type II membrane protein, may be involved in vesicular trafficking in HSV-2-infected cells.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Laboratory of Virology, Research Institute for Disease Mechanism and Control, Nagoya University School of Medicine, 65 Tsumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan. Phone: 81-52-744-2451. Fax: 81-52-744-2452. E-mail: ynishiya{at}med.nagoya-u.ac.jp.

Journal of Virology, July 2002, p. 6718-6728, Vol. 76, No. 13
0022-538X/02/$04.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/JVI.76.13.6718-6728.2002
Copyright © 2002, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



This article has been cited by other articles:

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