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Journal of Virology, June 2002, p. 6293-6301, Vol. 76, No. 12
0022-538X/02/$04.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/JVI.76.12.6293-6301.2002
Copyright © 2002, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Cowpea Mosaic Virus 32- and 60-Kilodalton Replication Proteins Target and Change the Morphology of Endoplasmic Reticulum Membranes

Jan E. Carette,1,{dagger} Jan van Lent,2 Stuart A. MacFarlane,3 Joan Wellink,1* and Ab van Kammen1

Laboratory of Molecular Biology,1 Laboratory of Virology, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands,2 Department of Virology, Scottish Crop Research Institute, Invergowrie, Dundee, United Kingdom3

Received 11 December 2001/ Accepted 22 March 2002

Cowpea mosaic virus (CPMV) replicates in close association with small membranous vesicles that are formed by rearrangements of intracellular membranes. To determine which of the viral proteins are responsible for the rearrangements of membranes and the attachment of the replication complex, we have expressed individual CPMV proteins encoded by RNA1 in cowpea protoplasts by transient expression and in Nicotiana benthamiana plants by using the tobacco rattle virus (TRV) expression vector. The 32-kDa protein (32K) and 60K, when expressed individually, accumulate in only low amounts but are found associated with membranes mainly derived from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). 24K and 110K are freely soluble and accumulate to high levels. With the TRV vector, expression of 32K and 60K results in rearrangement of ER membranes. Besides, expression of 32K and 60K results in necrosis of the inoculated N. benthamiana leaves, suggesting that 32K and 60K are cytotoxic proteins. On the other hand, during CPMV infection 32K and 60K accumulate to high levels without causing necrosis.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Wageningen University, Dreijenlaan 3, 6703 HA Wageningen, The Netherlands. Phone: 31-317483266. Fax: 31-317483584. E-mail: joan.wellink{at}mac.mb.wau.nl.

{dagger} Present address: Division of Gene Therapy, Department of Medical Oncology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.

Journal of Virology, June 2002, p. 6293-6301, Vol. 76, No. 12
0022-538X/02/$04.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/JVI.76.12.6293-6301.2002
Copyright © 2002, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



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