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Journal of Virology, June 2002, p. 5985-5992, Vol. 76, No. 12
0022-538X/02/$04.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/JVI.76.12.5985-5992.2002
Copyright © 2002, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Hepatitis B Virus of Genotype B with or without Recombination with Genotype C over the Precore Region plus the Core Gene

Fuminaka Sugauchi,1 Etsuro Orito,1 Takafumi Ichida,2 Hideaki Kato,1 Hiroshi Sakugawa,3 Shinichi Kakumu,4 Takafumi Ishida,5 Anuchit Chutaputti,6 Ching-Ling Lai,7 Ryuzo Ueda,1 Yuzo Miyakawa,8 and Masashi Mizokami9*

Departments of Internal Medicine and Molecular Science,1 Clinical Molecular Informative Medicine, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical SciencesNagoya,9 Third Department of Medicine, Niigata University School of Medicine, Niigata,2 First Department of Medicine, University of Ryukyu, Okinawa,3 First Department of Medicine, Aichi Medical University, Aichi,,4 Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo,5 Miyakawa Memorial Research Foundation, Tokyo, Japan,8 Department of Medicine, Pramongkutklao Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand,6 Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong, China7

Received 5 December 2001/ Accepted 12 March 2002

The entire nucleotide sequences of 70 hepatitis B virus (HBV) isolates of genotype B (HBV/B), including 38 newly determined and 32 retrieved from the international DNA database (DDBJ/EMBL/GenBank), were compared phylogenetically. Two subgroups of HBV/B were identified based on sequence divergence in the precore region plus the core gene, one with the recombination with genotype C and the other without it. The analysis over the entire genome of HBV/B by the SimPlot program located the recombination with genotype C in the precore region plus the core gene spanning nucleotide positions from 1740 to 1838 to 2443 to 2485. Within this genomic area, HBV/B strains with the recombination had higher nucleotide and amino acid homology to genotype C than those without the recombination (96.9 versus 91.1% in nucleotides and 97.0 versus 92.9% in amino acids). There were 29 HBV/B strains without the recombination, and they were all recovered from carriers in Japan. The remaining 41 HBV/B isolates having the recombination with genotype C were from carriers in China (12 strains), Hong Kong (3 strains), Indonesia (4 strains), Japan (3 strains), Taiwan (4 strains), Thailand (3 strains), and Vietnam (12 strains). Due to the frequency of the distribution of HBV/B without the recombination (29 of 32 isolates, or 91%) and the fact that it was exclusive to Japan, it was provisionally classified into the Bj (j standing for Japan) subgroup, and HBV/B with the recombination was classified into the Ba (a for Asia) subgroup. Virological differences between HBV/Bj and HBV/Ba may be reflected in the severity of clinical disease in the patients infected with HBV of genotype B, which seems to be under strong geographic influences in Asia.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of Clinical Molecular Informative Medicine, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya 467-8601, Japan. Phone: 81-52-853-8292. Fax: 81-52-842-0021. E-mail: mizokami{at}med.nagoya-cu.ac.jp.

Journal of Virology, June 2002, p. 5985-5992, Vol. 76, No. 12
0022-538X/02/$04.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/JVI.76.12.5985-5992.2002
Copyright © 2002, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



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