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Journal of Virology, June 2002, p. 5905-5914, Vol. 76, No. 12
0022-538X/02/$04.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/JVI.76.12.5905-5914.2002
Copyright © 2002, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Functional Evaluation of DC-SIGN Monoclonal Antibodies Reveals DC-SIGN Interactions with ICAM-3 Do Not Promote Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Transmission

Li Wu,1 Thomas D. Martin,1 Rosemay Vazeux,2 Derya Unutmaz,3 and Vineet N. KewalRamani1*

HIV Drug Resistance Program, National Cancer Institute at Frederick, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, Maryland 21702,1 ICOS Corporation, Bothell, Washington 98021,2 School of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 372323

Received 21 December 2001/ Accepted 5 March 2002

DC-SIGN, a type II membrane-spanning C-type lectin that is expressed on the surface of dendritic cells (DC), captures and promotes human and simian immunodeficiency virus (HIV and SIV) infection of CD4+ T cells in trans. To better understand the mechanism of DC-SIGN-mediated virus transmission, we generated and functionally evaluated a panel of seven monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) against DC-SIGN family molecules. Six of the MAbs reacted with myeloid-lineage DC, whereas one MAb preferentially bound DC-SIGNR/L-SIGN, a homolog of DC-SIGN. Characterization of hematopoietic cells also revealed that stimulation of monocytes with interleukin-4 (IL-4) or IL-13 was sufficient to induce expression of DC-SIGN. All DC-SIGN-reactive MAbs competed with intercellular adhesion molecule 3 (ICAM-3) for adhesion to DC-SIGN and blocked HIV-1 transmission to T cells that was mediated by THP-1 cells expressing DC-SIGN. Similar but less efficient MAb blocking of DC-mediated HIV-1 transmission was observed, indicating that HIV-1 transmission to target cells via DC may not be dependent solely on DC-SIGN. Attempts to neutralize DC-SIGN capture and transmission of HIV-1 with soluble ICAM-3 prophylaxis were limited in success, with a maximal inhibition of 60%. In addition, disrupting DC-SIGN/ICAM-3 interactions between cells with MAbs did not impair DC-SIGN-mediated HIV-1 transmission. Finally, forced expression of ICAM-3 on target cells did not increase their susceptibility to HIV-1 transmission mediated by DC-SIGN. While these findings do not discount the role of intercellular contact in facilitating HIV-1 transmission, our in vitro data indicate that DC-SIGN interactions with ICAM-3 do not promote DC-SIGN-mediated virus transmission.


* Corresponding author. Mailing address: HIV Drug Resistance Program, National Cancer Institute at Frederick, P.O. Box B, Frederick, MD 21702. Phone: (301) 846-1249. Fax: (301) 846-6777. E-mail: vineet{at}ncifcrf.gov.


Journal of Virology, June 2002, p. 5905-5914, Vol. 76, No. 12
0022-538X/02/$04.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/JVI.76.12.5905-5914.2002
Copyright © 2002, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.




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Copyright © 2002 by the American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.