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Journal of Virology, May 2002, p. 4891-4900, Vol. 76, No. 10
0022-538X/02/$04.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/JVI.76.10.4891-4900.2002
Copyright © 2002, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Recombinant Wild-Type and Edmonston Strain Measles Viruses Bearing Heterologous H Proteins: Role of H Protein in Cell Fusion and Host Cell Specificity

Kaoru Takeuchi,1* Makoto Takeda,1,2 Naoko Miyajima,1 Fumio Kobune,3,{dagger} Kiyoshi Tanabayashi,4 and Masato Tashiro1

Department of Virus Diseases and Vaccine Control,1 AIDS Research Center,2 Department of Safety Research on Biologics, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Musashi-Murayama, Tokyo 208-0011,3 Primate Center for Medical Science, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0843, Japan4

Received 15 October 2001/ Accepted 13 February 2002

Wild-type measles virus (MV) isolated from B95a cells has a restricted host cell specificity and hardly replicates in Vero cells, whereas the laboratory strain Edmonston (Ed) replicates in a variety of cell types including Vero cells. To investigate the role of H protein in the differential MV host cell specificity and cell fusion activity, H proteins of wild-type MV (IC-B) and Ed were coexpressed with the F protein in Vero cells. Cell-cell fusion occurred in Vero cells when Ed H protein, but not IC-B H protein, was expressed. To analyze the role of H protein in the context of viral infection, a recombinant IC-B virus bearing Ed H protein (IC/Ed-H) and a recombinant Ed virus bearing IC-B H protein (Ed/IC-H) were generated from cloned cDNAs. IC/Ed-H replicated efficiently in Vero cells and induced small syncytia in Vero cells, indicating that Ed H protein conferred replication ability in Vero cells on IC/Ed-H. On the other hand, Ed/IC-H also replicated well in Vero cells and induced small syncytia, although parental Ed induced large syncytia in Vero cells. These results indicated that an MV protein(s) other than H protein was likely involved in determining cell fusion and host cell specificity of MV in the case of our recombinants. SLAM (CDw150), a recently identified cellular receptor for wild-type MV, was not expressed in Vero cells, and a monoclonal antibody against CD46, a cellular receptor for Ed, did not block replication or syncytium formation of Ed/IC-H in Vero cells. It is therefore suggested that Ed/IC-H entered Vero cells through another cellular receptor.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of Virus Diseases and Vaccine Control, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, 4-7-1 Gakuen, Musashi-Murayama, Tokyo 208-0011, Japan. Phone: 81-425-61-0771. Fax: 81-425-67-5631. E-mail: ktake{at}nih.go.jp.

{dagger} Present address: Laboratory Animal Research Center, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan.

Journal of Virology, May 2002, p. 4891-4900, Vol. 76, No. 10
0022-538X/02/$04.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/JVI.76.10.4891-4900.2002
Copyright © 2002, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



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