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Journal of Virology, January 2002, p. 411-415, Vol. 76, No. 1
0022-538X/01/$04.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/JVI.76.1.411-415.2002
Copyright © 2002, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Residual Viral Replication during Antiretroviral Therapy Boosts Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1-Specific CD8⁺ T-Cell Responses in Subjects Treated Early after Infection

Gabriel M. Ortiz,^1* Jennifer Hu,¹ Joshua A. Goldwitz,¹ Rohit Chandwani,¹ Marie Larsson,² Nina Bhardwaj,² Sebastian Bonhoeffer,³ Bharat Ramratnam,¹ Linqi Zhang,¹ Martin M. Markowitz,¹ and Douglas F. Nixon^1,

Aaron Diamond AIDS Research Center, The Rockefeller University, New York, New York 10016,¹ Laboratory for Cellular Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, New York 10021,² Ecology and Evolution, ETH Zurich, CH-8092 Zurich, Switzerland³

Received 25 May 2001/ Accepted 27 September 2001

Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-infected subjects treated early after infection have preserved HIV-1-specific CD4⁺ T-cell function. We studied the effect of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) on the frequency of HIV-1-specific CD8⁺ T cells in patients treated during early (n = 31) or chronic (n = 23) infection. The degree of viral suppression and time of initiation of treatment influenced the magnitude of the CD8⁺ T-cell response. HIV-1-specific CD8⁺ T cells can increase in number after HAART in subjects treated early after infection who have episodes of transient viremia.

Present address: Gladstone Institute of Virology and Immunology, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94110-9100.

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