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Journal of Virology, May 2001, p. 4276-4282, Vol. 75, No. 9
Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill
University and Montreal Neurological Institute, Montreal, Quebec,
Canada,1 and Genzentrum,
Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich,
Germany2
Received 27 October 2000/Accepted 9 February 2001
Significant levels of adenovirus (Ad)-mediated gene transfer occur
only in immature muscle or in regenerating muscle, indicating that a
developmentally regulated event plays a major role in limiting transgene expression in mature skeletal muscle. We have previously shown that in developing mouse muscle, expression of the primary Ad
receptor CAR is severely downregulated during muscle maturation. To
evaluate how global expression of CAR throughout muscle affects Ad
vector (AdV)-mediated gene transfer into mature skeletal muscle, we
produced transgenic mice that express the CAR cDNA under the control of
the muscle-specific creatine kinase promoter. Five-month-old transgenic
mice were compared to their nontransgenic littermates for their
susceptibility to AdV transduction. In CAR transgenics that had been
injected in the tibialis anterior muscle with AdVCMVlacZ, increased
gene transfer was demonstrated by the increase in the number of
transduced muscle fibers (433 ± 121 in transgenic mice versus
8 ± 4 in nontransgenic littermates) as well as the 25-fold increase in overall
0022-538X/01/$04.00+0 DOI: 10.1128/JVI.75.9.4276-4282.2001
Copyright © 2001, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.
Muscle-Specific Overexpression of the Adenovirus
Primary Receptor CAR Overcomes Low Efficiency of Gene Transfer to
Mature Skeletal Muscle
-galactosidase activity. Even when the reporter gene was driven by a more efficient promoter (the cytomegalovirus enhancer-chicken
-actin gene promoter), differential
transducibility was still evident (893 ± 149 versus 153 ± 30 fibers; P < 0.001). Furthermore, a fivefold
decrease in the titer of injected AdV still resulted in significant
transduction of muscle (253 ± 130 versus 14 ± 4 fibers).
The dramatic enhancement in AdV-mediated gene transfer to mature
skeletal muscle that is observed in the CAR transgenics indicates that
prior modulation of the level of CAR expression can overcome the poor
AdV transducibility of mature skeletal muscle and significant
transduction can be obtained at low titers of AdV.
*
Corresponding author. Mailing address: Montreal
Neurological Institute, 3801 University St., Montreal, Quebec, Canada
H3A 2B4. Phone: (514) 398-8502. Fax: (514) 398-1509. E-mail:
pholland{at}mni.mcgill.ca.
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