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Journal of Virology, April 2001, p. 4014-4018, Vol. 75, No. 8
0022-538X/01/$04.00+0 DOI: 10.1128/JVI.75.8.4014-4018.2001
Copyright © 2001, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.
Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Particles Pseudotyped with
Envelope Proteins That Fuse at Low pH No Longer Require Nef for
Optimal Infectivity
Nathalie
Chazal,1,2,
Gregory
Singer,1,2
Christopher
Aiken,3
Marie-Louise
Hammarskjöld,1,2 and
David
Rekosh1,2,*
Myles H. Thaler Center for AIDS and Human
Retrovirus Research1 and Department of
Microbiology,2 University of Virginia,
Charlottesville, Virginia 22908, and Department of Microbiology
and Immunology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine,
Nashville, Tennessee 372323
Received 12 October 2000/Accepted 11 January 2001
We have investigated the effects of Nef on infectivity in the
context of various viral envelope proteins. These experiments were
performed with a minimal vector system where Nef is the only accessory
protein present. Our results support the hypothesis that the route of
entry influences the ability of Nef to enhance human immunodeficiency
virus (HIV) infectivity. We show that HIV particles pseudotyped with
Ebola virus glycoprotein or vesicular stomatitis virus
glycoprotein (VSV-G), which fuse at low pH, do not require
Nef for optimal infectivity. In contrast, Nef significantly enhances the infectivity of virus particles that contain envelope proteins that fuse at neutral pH (CCR5-dependent HIV Env,
CXCR4-dependent HIV Env, or amphotropic murine leukemia virus
Env). In addition, our results demonstrate that virus particles
containing mixed CXCR4-dependent HIV and VSV-G envelope proteins show a
conditional requirement for Nef for optimal infectivity, depending
on which protein is allowed to facilitate entry.
*
Corresponding author. Mailing address: Myles H. Thaler
Center for AIDS and Human Retrovirus Research and Department of
Microbiology, Box 800734, University of Virginia, Charlottesville,
VA 22908. Phone: (804) 982-1599. Fax: (804) 982-1590. E-mail:
dr4u{at}virginia.edu.

Present address: Laboratoire de Virologie et Pathogenese Virale,
UMR 5537 CNRS, Faculte de Medecine Laenne, 69372 Lyon Cedex
08,
France.
Journal of Virology, April 2001, p. 4014-4018, Vol. 75, No. 8
0022-538X/01/$04.00+0 DOI: 10.1128/JVI.75.8.4014-4018.2001
Copyright © 2001, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.
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