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Journal of Virology, April 2001, p. 3483-3487, Vol. 75, No. 7
0022-538X/01/$04.00+0   DOI: 10.1128/JVI.75.7.3483-3487.2001
Copyright © 2001, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

JC Virus-Specific Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes in Individuals with Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy

Igor J. Koralnik,1,2,* Renaud A. Du Pasquier,1,2 and Norman L. Letvin2

Department of Neurology1 and Division of Viral Pathogenesis, Department of Medicine,2 Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02215

Received 27 October 2000/Accepted 19 December 2000

Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) is a demyelinating disease of the central nervous system caused by a reactivation of the polyomavirus JC (JCV) within a setting of immunosuppression. The nature of the immune response that contains replication of this virus is unknown. We have explored JCV-specific cellular immune responses in patients with PML and control subjects. JCV antigen-stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) of four human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients who were survivors of PML and one HIV-uninfected patient recently diagnosed with PML lysed autologous B-lymphoblastoid cell lines expressing either the JCV T regulatory protein or the VP1 major capsid protein. This lysis was mediated by CD8+ T lymphocytes and was major histocompatibility complex class I restricted. These cells were therefore cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL). JCV-specific CTL could not be detected in PBMC of three HIV-infected PML patients who had progressive neurologic disease and an eventual fatal outcome. These data suggest that the JCV-specific cellular immune response may play a crucial role in the containment of PML. This finding may also prove useful as a favorable prognostic marker in the clinical management of these patients.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of Neurology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, RE-213, 330 Brookline Ave., Boston, MA 02215. Phone: (617) 667-1568. Fax: (617) 667-8210. E-mail: ikoralni{at}caregroup.harvard.edu.

Journal of Virology, April 2001, p. 3483-3487, Vol. 75, No. 7
0022-538X/01/$04.00+0   DOI: 10.1128/JVI.75.7.3483-3487.2001
Copyright © 2001, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.


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