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Journal of Virology, March 2001, p. 2706-2709, Vol. 75, No. 6
0022-538X/01/$04.00+0   DOI: 10.1128/JVI.75.6.2706-2709.2001
Copyright © 2001, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Macrophage Tropism of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Facilitates In Vivo Escape from Cytotoxic T-Lymphocyte Pressure

M. Schutten,1 C. A. van Baalen,1 C. Guillon,1 R. C. Huisman,1 P. H. M. Boers,1 K. Sintnicolaas,2 R. A. Gruters,1,3 and A. D. M. E. Osterhaus1,*

Institute of Virology, University Hospital Rotterdam, 3015 GE Rotterdam,1 and Laboratory for Histocompatibility and Immunogenetics, Bloodbank Rotterdam, 3015 CN Rotterdam,2 The Netherlands, and UMR103, CNRS bioMerieux, ENS de Lyon, Lyon, France3

Received 10 October 2000/Accepted 8 December 2000

Early after seroconversion, macrophage-tropic human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) variants are predominantly found, even when a mixture of macrophage-tropic and non-macrophage-tropic variants was transmitted. For virus contracted by sexual transmission, this is presently explained by selection at the port of entry, where macrophages are infected and T cells are relatively rare. Here we explore an additional mechanism to explain the selection of macrophage-tropic variants in cases where the mucosa is bypassed during transmission, such as blood transfusion, needle-stick accidents, or intravenous drug abuse. With molecularly cloned primary isolates of HIV-1 in irradiated mice that had been reconstituted with a high dose of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells, we found that a macrophage-tropic HIV-1 clone escaped more efficiently from specific cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) pressure than its non-macrophage-tropic counterpart. We propose that CTLs favor the selective outgrowth of macrophage-tropic HIV-1 variants because infected macrophages are less susceptible to CTL activity than infected T cells.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Institute of Virology, Erasmus Medical Centre Rotterdam, Dr. Molewaterplein 50, 3015 GE Rotterdam, The Netherlands. Phone: (31)-10-4088066. Fax: (31)-10-4089485. E-mail: osterhaus{at}viro.fgg.eur.nl.

Journal of Virology, March 2001, p. 2706-2709, Vol. 75, No. 6
0022-538X/01/$04.00+0   DOI: 10.1128/JVI.75.6.2706-2709.2001
Copyright © 2001, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.


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