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Journal of Virology, March 2001, p. 2452-2457, Vol. 75, No. 5
0022-538X/01/$04.00+0   DOI: 10.1128/JVI.75.5.2452-2457.2001
Copyright © 2001, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Murine Coronavirus Spike Protein Determines the Ability of the Virus To Replicate in the Liver and Cause Hepatitis

Sonia Navas,1 Su-Hun Seo,1 Ming Ming Chua,1 Jayasri Das Sarma,2 Ehud Lavi,2 Susan T. Hingley,3 and Susan R. Weiss1,*

Departments of Microbiology1 and Pathology and Laboratory Medicine,2 University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6076, and Department of Microbiology, Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19131-16943

Received 7 August 2000/Accepted 5 December 2000

Recombinant mouse hepatitis viruses (MHV) differing only in the spike gene, containing A59, MHV-4, and MHV-2 spike genes in the background of the A59 genome, were compared for their ability to replicate in the liver and induce hepatitis in weanling C57BL/6 mice infected with 500 PFU of each virus by intrahepatic injection. Penn98-1, expressing the MHV-2 spike gene, replicated to high titer in the liver, similar to MHV-2, and induced severe hepatitis with extensive hepatocellular necrosis. SA59R13, expressing the A59 spike gene, replicated to a somewhat lower titer and induced moderate to severe hepatitis with zonal necrosis, similar to MHV-A59. S4R21, expressing the MHV-4 spike gene, replicated to a minimal extent and induced few if any pathological changes, similar to MHV-4. Thus, the extent of replication and the degree of hepatitis in the liver induced by these recombinant viruses were determined largely by the spike protein.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of Microbiology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, 36th Street and Hamilton Walk, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6076. Phone: (215) 898-8013. Fax: (215) 573-4858. E-mail: weisssr{at}mail.med.upenn.edu.

Journal of Virology, March 2001, p. 2452-2457, Vol. 75, No. 5
0022-538X/01/$04.00+0   DOI: 10.1128/JVI.75.5.2452-2457.2001
Copyright © 2001, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.


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