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Journal of Virology, February 2001, p. 1117-1123, Vol. 75, No. 3
0022-538X/01/$04.00+0   DOI: 10.1128/JVI.75.3.1117-1123.2001
Copyright © 2001, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Nucleocapsid Incorporation into Parainfluenza Virus Is Regulated by Specific Interaction with Matrix Protein

Elizabeth C. Coronel,1,dagger Toru Takimoto,1 K. Gopal Murti,1 Natalia Varich,1,Dagger and Allen Portner1,2,*

Department of Virology and Molecular Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee 38105,1 and Department of Pathology, The Health Science Center, University of Tennessee, Memphis, Memphis, Tennessee 381632

Received 1 August 2000/Accepted 26 October 2000

The paramyxovirus nucleoproteins (NPs) encapsidate the genomic RNA into nucleocapsids, which are then incorporated into virus particles. We determined the protein-protein interaction between NP molecules and the molecular mechanism required for incorporating nucleocapsids into virions in two closely related viruses, human parainfluenza virus type 1 (hPIV1) and Sendai virus (SV). Expression of NP from cDNA resulted in in vivo nucleocapsid formation. Electron micrographs showed no significant difference in the morphological appearance of viral nucleocapsids obtained from lysates of transfected cells expressing SV or hPIVI NP cDNA. Coexpression of NP cDNAs from both viruses resulted in the formation of nucleocapsid composed of a mixture of NP molecules; thus, the NPs of both viruses contained regions that allowed the formation of mixed nucleocapsid. Mixed nucleocapsids were also detected in cells infected with SV and transfected with hPIV1 NP cDNA. However, when NP of SV was donated by infected virus and hPIV1 NP was from transfected cDNA, nucleocapsids composed of NPs solely from SV or solely from hPIVI were also detected. Although almost equal amounts of NP of the two viruses were found in the cytoplasm of cells infected with SV and transfected with hPIV1 NP cDNA, 90% of the NPs in the nucleocapsids of the progeny SV virions were from SV. Thus, nucleocapsids containing heterologous hPIV1 NPs were excluded during the assembly of progeny SV virions. Coexpression of hPIV1 NP and hPIV1 matrix protein (M) in SV-infected cells increased the uptake of nucleocapsids containing hPIV1 NP; thus, M appears to be responsible for the specific incorporation of the nucleocapsid into virions. Using SV-hPIV1 chimera NP cDNAs, we found that the C-terminal domain of the NP protein (amino acids 420 to 466) is responsible for the interaction with M.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of Virology and Molecular Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 332 N. Lauderdale, Memphis, TN 38105. Phone: (901) 495-3400. Fax: (901) 523-2622. E-mail: allen.portner{at}stjude.org.

dagger Present address: Department of Pharmacology, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, NJ 08854.

Dagger Present address: Academy of Medical Sciences, The D. I. Ivanovsky Institute of Virology, Moscow 123098, Russia.

Journal of Virology, February 2001, p. 1117-1123, Vol. 75, No. 3
0022-538X/01/$04.00+0   DOI: 10.1128/JVI.75.3.1117-1123.2001
Copyright © 2001, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.


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