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Journal of Virology, December 2001, p. 11565-11572, Vol. 75, No. 23
0022-538X/01/$04.00+0 DOI: 10.1128/JVI.75.23.11565-11572.2001
Copyright © 2001, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.
A Short N-Proximal Region in the Large Envelope
Protein Harbors a Determinant That Contributes to the Species
Specificity of Human Hepatitis B Virus
P.
Chouteau,1
J.
Le Seyec,1,*
I.
Cannie,1
M.
Nassal,2
C.
Guguen-Guillouzo,1 and
P.
Gripon1
Régulation des Équilibres
Fonctionnels du Foie Normal et Pathologique U 522, Hôpital de
Pontchaillou, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche
Médicale, 35033 Rennes Cedex, France,1 and
Department of Internal Medicine II, Molecular Biology,
University Hospital Freiburg, D-79107 Freiburg, Germany2
Received 21 March 2001/Accepted 29 August 2001
Infection by hepatitis B virus (HBV) is mainly restricted to
humans. This species specificity is likely determined at the early
phase of the viral life cycle. Since the envelope proteins are the
first viral factors to interact with the cell, they represent attractive candidates for controlling the HBV host range. To
investigate this assumption, we took advantage of the recent discovery
of a second virus belonging to the primate
Orthohepadnavirus genus, the woolly monkey HBV (WMHBV).
A recombinant plasmid was constructed for the expression of all WMHBV
envelope proteins. In additional constructs, N-terminal sequences of
the WMHBV large envelope protein were substituted for their homologous
HBV counterparts. All wild-type and chimeric WMHBV surface
proteins were properly synthesized by transfected human hepatoma cells,
and they were competent to replace the original HBV proteins for the
production of complete viral particles. The resulting pseudotyped
virions were evaluated for their infectious capacity on human
hepatocytes in primary culture. Virions pseudotyped with wild-type
WMHBV envelope proteins showed a significant loss of infectivity. By
contrast, infectivity was completely restored when the first 30 residues of the large protein originated from HBV. Analysis of smaller
substitutions within this domain limited the most important region to a
stretch of only nine amino acids. Reciprocally, replacement of this
motif by WMHBV residues in the context of the HBV L protein
significantly reduced infectivity of HBV. Hence this short region of
the L protein contributes to the host range of HBV.
*
Corresponding author. Mailing address: INSERM U522,
Hôpital de Pontchaillou, 35033 Rennes Cedex, France. Phone: (33)
2 99 54 37 37. Fax: (33) 2 99 54 01 37. E-mail:
jacques.leseyec{at}rennes.inserm.fr.
Journal of Virology, December 2001, p. 11565-11572, Vol. 75, No. 23
0022-538X/01/$04.00+0 DOI: 10.1128/JVI.75.23.11565-11572.2001
Copyright © 2001, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.
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