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Journal of Virology, December 2001, p. 11319-11327, Vol. 75, No. 23
0022-538X/01/$04.00+0   DOI: 10.1128/JVI.75.23.11319-11327.2001
Copyright © 2001, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Expression of Endogenous Betaretroviruses in the Ovine Uterus: Effects of Neonatal Age, Estrous Cycle, Pregnancy, and Progesterone

Massimo Palmarini,1 C. Allison Gray,2 Karen Carpenter,2 Hung Fan,3 Fuller W. Bazer,2 and Thomas E. Spencer2,*

Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, College of Veterinary Medicine, The University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 306021; Center for Animal Biotechnology and Genomics and Department of Animal Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 778432; and Cancer Research Institute and Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine, California 926973

Received 27 July 2001/Accepted 28 August 2001

The ovine genome contains 15 to 20 copies of endogenous retroviruses (enJSRVs) highly related to the oncogenic jaagsiekte sheep retrovirus (JSRV) and enzootic nasal tumor virus. enJSRVs are highly expressed in the endometrial lumenal epithelia (LE) and glandular epithelia (GE) of the ovine uterus. The effects of neonatal age, estrous cycle, pregnancy, and progesterone on expression of enJSRVs in the ovine uterus were determined. Expression of enJSRV RNAs was absent from the uterus of ewes at birth, but enJSRV RNAs were expressed specifically in the LE and developing GE from postnatal day (PND) 7 to PND 56. In adult ewes, enJSRV RNAs were detected only in the epithelia of the uterine endometrium, as well as epithelia of the oviduct, cervix, and vagina. In cyclic ewes, endometrial enJSRV RNA abundance was lowest on day 1, increased 12-fold between days 1 and 13, and then decreased to day 15. In pregnant ewes, levels of endometrial enJSRV RNAs were high on day 11, increased to day 13, and then decreased to day 19. In day 17 and 19 conceptuses, enJSRV RNAs were also detected in binucleate cells of the trophectoderm. Immunoreactive JSRV capsid and envelope proteins were detected in the endometrial LE and GE, as well as in the binucleate cells of the conceptus. In transfection assays utilizing ovine endometrial LE cells, progesterone increased transcriptional activity of several enJSRV long terminal repeats. Collectively, these results indicate that transcription of enJSRVs in the endometrial epithelia of the ovine uterus is increased by progesterone and might support a role for enJSRVs in conceptus-endometrium interactions during the peri-implantation period and early placental morphogenesis.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Center for Animal Biotechnology and Genomics, Department of Animal Science, 442 Kleberg Center, 2471 TAMU, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-2471. Phone: (979) 845-4896. Fax: (979) 862-2662. E-mail: tspencer{at}ansc.tamu.edu.

Journal of Virology, December 2001, p. 11319-11327, Vol. 75, No. 23
0022-538X/01/$04.00+0   DOI: 10.1128/JVI.75.23.11319-11327.2001
Copyright © 2001, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.


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