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Journal of Virology, December 2001, p. 11284-11291, Vol. 75, No. 23
0022-538X/01/$04.00+0   DOI: 10.1128/JVI.75.23.11284-11291.2001
Copyright © 2001, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Reducing the Native Tropism of Adenovirus Vectors Requires Removal of both CAR and Integrin Interactions

David A. Einfeld,* Rosanna Schroeder, Peter W. Roelvink, Alena Lizonova, C. Richter King, Imre Kovesdi, and Thomas J. Wickham

GenVec, Inc., Gaithersburg, Maryland 20878

Received 19 April 2001/Accepted 21 August 2001

The development of tissue-selective virus-based vectors requires a better understanding of the role of receptors in gene transfer in vivo, both to rid the vectors of their native tropism and to introduce new specificity. CAR and alpha v integrins have been identified as the primary cell surface components that interact with adenovirus type 5 (Ad5)-based vectors during in vitro transduction. We have constructed a set of four vectors, which individually retain the wild-type cell interactions, lack CAR binding, lack alpha v integrin binding, or lack both CAR and alpha v integrin binding. These vectors have been used to examine the roles of CAR and alpha v integrin in determining the tropism of Ad vectors in a mouse model following intrajugular or intramuscular injection. CAR was found to play a significant role in liver transduction. The absence of CAR binding alone, however, had little effect on the low level of expression from Ad in other tissues. Binding of alpha v integrins appeared to have more influence than did binding of CAR in promoting the expression in these tissues and was also found to be important in liver transduction by Ad vectors. An effect of the penton base modification was a reduction in the number of vector genomes that could be detected in several tissues. In the liver, where CAR binding is important, combining defects in CAR and alpha v integrin binding was essential to effectively reduce the high level of expression from Ad vectors. While there may be differences in Ad vector tropism among species, our results indicate that both CAR and alpha v integrins can impact vector distribution in vivo. Disruption of both CAR and alpha v integrin interactions may be critical for effectively reducing native tropism and enhancing the efficacy of specific targeting ligands in redirecting Ad vectors to target tissues.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: GenVec, Inc., 65 W. Watkins Mill Rd., Gaithersburg, MD 20878. Phone: (240) 632-5545. Fax: (240) 632-0736. E-mail: deinfeld{at}genvec.com.

Journal of Virology, December 2001, p. 11284-11291, Vol. 75, No. 23
0022-538X/01/$04.00+0   DOI: 10.1128/JVI.75.23.11284-11291.2001
Copyright © 2001, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.


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Copyright © 2001 by the American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.