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Journal of Virology, November 2001, p. 10623-10629, Vol. 75, No. 22
0022-538X/01/$04.00+0 DOI: 10.1128/JVI.75.22.10623-10629.2001
Copyright © 2001, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.
Rhabdoviruses and the Cellular
Ubiquitin-Proteasome System: a Budding
Interaction
Ronald N.
Harty,1,*
Melissa E.
Brown,1
James P.
McGettigan,2
Guangli
Wang,3,
Himangi R.
Jayakar,4
Jon M.
Huibregtse,3
Michael A.
Whitt,4 and
Matthias
J.
Schnell2
Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine,
University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
191041; Department of Biochemistry and
Molecular Pharmacology, Center for Human Virology, Thomas Jefferson
University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 191072;
Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, University
of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 787123; and
Department of Molecular Sciences, University of
Tennessee-Memphis, Memphis, Tennessee 381634
Received 28 June 2001/Accepted 8 August 2001
The matrix (M) proteins of vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) and
rabies virus (RV) play a key role in both assembly and budding of
progeny virions. A PPPY motif (PY motif or late-budding domain) is
conserved in the M proteins of VSV and RV. These PY motifs are
important for virus budding and for mediating interactions with
specific cellular proteins containing WW domains. The PY motif and
flanking sequences of the M protein of VSV were used as bait to screen
a mouse embryo cDNA library for cellular interactors. The mouse Nedd4
protein, a membrane-localized ubiquitin ligase containing multiple WW
domains, was identified from this screen. Ubiquitin ligase Rsp5, the
yeast homolog of Nedd4, was able to interact both physically and
functionally with full-length VSV M protein in a PY-dependent manner.
Indeed, the VSV M protein was multiubiquitinated by Rsp5 in an in vitro
ubiquitination assay. To demonstrate further that ubiquitin may be
involved in the budding process of rhabdoviruses, proteasome inhibitors
(e.g., MG132) were used to decrease the level of free ubiquitin in VSV-
and RV-infected cells. Viral titers measured from MG132-treated cells were reproducibly 10- to 20-fold lower than those measured from untreated control cells, suggesting that free ubiquitin is important for efficient virus budding. Last, release of a VSV PY mutant was not
inhibited in the presence of MG132, signifying that the functional L
domain of VSV is required for the inhibitory effect exhibited by MG132.
These data suggest that the cellular ubiquitin-proteasome machinery is involved in the budding process of VSV and RV.
*
Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of
Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of
Pennsylvania, 3800 Spruce St., Philadelphia, PA 19104-6049. Phone:
(215) 573-4485. Fax: (215) 898-7887. E-mail:
rharty{at}vet.upenn.edu.

Present address: Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton
University, Princeton, NJ
08544.
Journal of Virology, November 2001, p. 10623-10629, Vol. 75, No. 22
0022-538X/01/$04.00+0 DOI: 10.1128/JVI.75.22.10623-10629.2001
Copyright © 2001, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.
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