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Journal of Virology, November 2001, p. 10515-10519, Vol. 75, No. 21
0022-538X/01/$04.00+0   DOI: 10.1128/JVI.75.21.10515-10519.2001
Copyright © 2001, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Emergence and Kinetics of Simian Immunodeficiency Virus-Specific CD8+ T Cells in the Intestines of Macaques during Primary Infection

Ronald S. Veazey,1,2,* Marie-Claire Gauduin,1 Keith G. Mansfield,1 Irene C. Tham,1 John D. Altman,3 Jeffrey D. Lifson,4 Andrew A. Lackner,1 and R. Paul Johnson1,5

New England Regional Primate Research Center, Harvard Medical School, Southborough, Massachusetts 017721; Tulane Regional Primate Research Center, Tulane University, Covington, Louisiana 704332; Emory Vaccine Center at Yerkes, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 303223; SAIC, NCI-Frederick Cancer Research and Development Center, Frederick, Maryland 217024; and Infectious Disease Unit and Partners AIDS Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts 021295

Received 23 March 2001/Accepted 7 June 2001

In this report, three Mamu-A*01+ rhesus macaques were examined to compare the emergence of simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV)-specific CD8+ T cells in the intestines and blood in early SIV infection using a major histocompatibility complex class I tetramer complexed with the Gag181-189 peptide. Fourteen days after intravenous inoculation with SIVmac251, large numbers of SIV Gag181-189-specific CD8+ T cells were detected in the intestinal mucosa (3.1 to 11.5% of CD3+ CD8+ lymphocytes) as well as in the blood (3.1 to 13.4%) of all three macaques. By 21 days postinoculation, levels of tetramer-binding cells had dropped in both the intestines and blood. At day 63, however, levels of SIV Gag181-189-specific CD8+ T cells in the intestines had rebounded in all three macaques to levels that were higher (8.6 to 18.7%) than those at day 21. In contrast, percentages of tetramer-binding cells in the peripheral blood remained comparatively stable (2.5 to 4.5%) at this time point. In summary, SIV Gag181-189-specific CD8+ T cells appeared in both the intestinal mucosa and peripheral blood at a comparable rate and magnitude in primary SIV infection. Given that the intestine is a major site of early viral replication as well as the site where most of the total body lymphocyte pool resides, these data indicate that it is also an early and important site of development of antiviral immune responses.

* Corresponding author: Present address: Tulane Regional Primate Research Center, 18703 Three Rivers Rd., Covington, LA 70433. Phone: (504) 871-6228. Fax: (504) 893-1352. E-mail: veazey{at}tpc.tulane.edu.

Journal of Virology, November 2001, p. 10515-10519, Vol. 75, No. 21
0022-538X/01/$04.00+0   DOI: 10.1128/JVI.75.21.10515-10519.2001
Copyright © 2001, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.


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