This Article
Right arrow Full Text
Right arrow Full Text (PDF)
Right arrow Alert me when this article is cited
Right arrow Alert me if a correction is posted
Services
Right arrow Similar articles in this journal
Right arrow Similar articles in PubMed
Right arrow Alert me to new issues of the journal
Right arrow Download to citation manager
Right arrowReprints and Permissions
Right arrow Copyright Information
Right arrow Books from ASM Press
Right arrow MicrobeWorld
Citing Articles
Right arrow Citing Articles via HighWire
Right arrow Citing Articles via Google Scholar
Google Scholar
Right arrow Articles by Woolaway, K. E.
Right arrow Articles by Roberts, L. O.
Right arrow Search for Related Content
PubMed
Right arrow PubMed Citation
Right arrow Articles by Woolaway, K. E.
Right arrow Articles by Roberts, L. O.

 Previous Article  |  Next Article 

Journal of Virology, November 2001, p. 10244-10249, Vol. 75, No. 21
0022-538X/01/$04.00+0   DOI: 10.1128/JVI.75.21.10244-10249.2001
Copyright © 2001, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

The 5' Untranslated Region of Rhopalosiphum padi Virus Contains an Internal Ribosome Entry Site Which Functions Efficiently in Mammalian, Plant, and Insect Translation Systems

Kathryn E. Woolaway,1 Konstantinos Lazaridis,1,dagger Graham J. Belsham,2 Michael J. Carter,1 and Lisa O. Roberts1,*

School of Biomedical and Life Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH,1 and Institute for Animal Health, Pirbright, Woking, Surrey GU24 ONF,2 United Kingdom

Received 18 August 2000/Accepted 31 July 2001

Rhopalosiphum padi virus (RhPV) is one of several picorna-like viruses that infect insects; sequence analysis has revealed distinct differences between these agents and mammalian picornaviruses. RhPV has a single-stranded positive-sense RNA genome of about 10 kb; unlike the genomes of Picornaviridae, however, this genome contains two long open reading frames (ORFs). ORF1 encodes the virus nonstructural proteins, while the downstream ORF, ORF2, specifies the structural proteins. Both ORFs are preceded by long untranslated regions (UTRs). The intergenic UTR is known to contain an internal ribosome entry site (IRES) which directs non-AUG-initiated translation of ORF2. We have examined the 5' UTR of RhPV for IRES activity by translating synthetic dicistronic mRNAs containing this sequence in a variety of systems. We now report that the 5' UTR contains an element which directs internal initiation of protein synthesis from an AUG codon in mammalian, plant, and Drosophila in vitro translation systems. In contrast, the encephalomyocarditis virus IRES functions only in the mammalian system. The RhPV 5' IRES element has features in common with picornavirus IRES elements, in that no coding sequence is required for IRES function, but also with cellular IRES elements, as deletion analysis indicates that this IRES element does not have sharply defined boundaries.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: School of Biomedical and Life Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, United Kingdom. Phone: (44) 1483 686499. Fax: (44) 1483 300374. E-mail: l.roberts{at}surrey.ac.uk.

dagger Present address: School of Biological Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7TJ, United Kingdom.

Journal of Virology, November 2001, p. 10244-10249, Vol. 75, No. 21
0022-538X/01/$04.00+0   DOI: 10.1128/JVI.75.21.10244-10249.2001
Copyright © 2001, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.


This article has been cited by other articles:

  • Carter, J. R., Fraser, T. S., Fraser, M. J. Jr (2008). Examining the relative activity of several dicistrovirus intergenic internal ribosome entry site elements in uninfected insect and mammalian cell lines. J. Gen. Virol. 89: 3150-3155 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Belsham, G. J., Nielsen, I., Normann, P., Royall, E., Roberts, L. O. (2008). Monocistronic mRNAs containing defective hepatitis C virus-like picornavirus internal ribosome entry site elements in their 5' untranslated regions are efficiently translated in cells by a cap-dependent mechanism. RNA 14: 1671-1680 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Martinez-Salas, E., Pacheco, A., Serrano, P., Fernandez, N. (2008). New insights into internal ribosome entry site elements relevant for viral gene expression. J. Gen. Virol. 89: 611-626 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Lu, J., Hu, Y., Hu, L., Zong, S., Cai, D., Wang, J., Yu, H., Zhang, J. (2007). Ectropis obliqua picorna-like virus IRES-driven internal initiation of translation in cell systems derived from different origins. J. Gen. Virol. 88: 2834-2838 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Dmitriev, S. E., Andreev, D. E., Terenin, I. M., Olovnikov, I. A., Prassolov, V. S., Merrick, W. C., Shatsky, I. N. (2007). Efficient Translation Initiation Directed by the 900-Nucleotide-Long and GC-Rich 5' Untranslated Region of the Human Retrotransposon LINE-1 mRNA Is Strictly Cap Dependent Rather than Internal Ribosome Entry Site Mediated. Mol. Cell. Biol. 27: 4685-4697 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Groppelli, E., Belsham, G. J., Roberts, L. O. (2007). Identification of minimal sequences of the Rhopalosiphum padi virus 5' untranslated region required for internal initiation of protein synthesis in mammalian, plant and insect translation systems. J. Gen. Virol. 88: 1583-1588 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Shibuya, N., Nakashima, N. (2006). Characterization of the 5' internal ribosome entry site of Plautia stali intestine virus. J. Gen. Virol. 87: 3679-3686 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Ongus, J. R., Roode, E. C., Pleij, C. W. A., Vlak, J. M., van Oers, M. M. (2006). The 5' non-translated region of Varroa destructor virus 1 (genus Iflavirus): structure prediction and IRES activity in Lymantria dispar cells.. J. Gen. Virol. 87: 3397-3407 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Terenin, I. M., Dmitriev, S. E., Andreev, D. E., Royall, E., Belsham, G. J., Roberts, L. O., Shatsky, I. N. (2005). A Cross-Kingdom Internal Ribosome Entry Site Reveals a Simplified Mode of Internal Ribosome Entry. Mol. Cell. Biol. 25: 7879-7888 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Czibener, C., Alvarez, D., Scodeller, E., Gamarnik, A. V. (2005). Characterization of internal ribosomal entry sites of Triatoma virus. J. Gen. Virol. 86: 2275-2280 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Royall, E., Woolaway, K. E., Schacherl, J., Kubick, S., Belsham, G. J., Roberts, L. O. (2004). The Rhopalosiphum padi virus 5' internal ribosome entry site is functional in Spodoptera frugiperda 21 cells and in their cell-free lysates: implications for the baculovirus expression system. J. Gen. Virol. 85: 1565-1569 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Kohl, A., Hart, T. J., Noonan, C., Royall, E., Roberts, L. O., Elliott, R. M. (2004). A Bunyamwera Virus Minireplicon System in Mosquito Cells. J. Virol. 78: 5679-5685 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Shibuya, N., Nishiyama, T., Kanamori, Y., Saito, H., Nakashima, N. (2003). Conditional Rather than Absolute Requirements of the Capsid Coding Sequence for Initiation of Methionine-Independent Translation in Plautia stali Intestine Virus. J. Virol. 77: 12002-12010 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Domier, L. L., McCoppin, N. K. (2003). In vivo activity of Rhopalosiphum padi virus internal ribosome entry sites. J. Gen. Virol. 84: 415-419 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • van Munster, M., Dullemans, A. M., Verbeek, M., van den Heuvel, J. F. J. M., Clerivet, A., van der Wilk, F. (2002). Sequence analysis and genomic organization of Aphid lethal paralysis virus: a new member of the family Dicistroviridae. J. Gen. Virol. 83: 3131-3138 [Abstract] [Full Text]  


Copyright © 2009 by the American Society for Microbiology.   For an alternate route to Journals.ASM.org, visit: http://intl-journals.asm.org | More Info»