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Journal of Virology, September 2001, p. 7893-7903, Vol. 75, No. 17
0022-538X/01/$04.00+0 DOI: 10.1128/JVI.75.17.7893-7903.2001
Copyright © 2001, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.
The Envelope Glycoprotein of Friend Spleen Focus-Forming
Virus Covalently Interacts with and Constitutively Activates a
Truncated Form of the Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Stk
Kazuo
Nishigaki,
Delores
Thompson,
Charlotte
Hanson,
Takashi
Yugawa, and
Sandra
Ruscetti*
Basic Research Laboratory, National Cancer
Institute, Frederick, Maryland
Received 14 February 2001/Accepted 30 May 2001
The Friend spleen focus-forming virus (SFFV) encodes a unique
envelope glycoprotein, gp55, which allows erythroid cells to proliferate and differentiate in the absence of erythropoietin (Epo).
SFFV gp55 has been shown to interact with the Epo receptor complex,
causing constitutive activation of various signal-transducing molecules. When injected into adult mice, SFFV induces a rapid erythroleukemia, with susceptibility being determined by the host gene
Fv-2, which was recently shown to be identical to the gene encoding the receptor tyrosine kinase Stk/Ron. Susceptible, but not
resistant, mice encode not only full-length Stk but also a truncated
form of the kinase, sf-Stk, which may mediate the biological effects of
SFFV infection. To determine whether expression of SFFV gp55 leads to
the activation of sf-Stk, we expressed sf-Stk, with or without SFFV
gp55, in hematopoietic cells expressing the Epo receptor. Our data
indicate that sf-Stk interacts with SFFV gp55 as well as
gp55P, the biologically active form of the viral
glycoprotein, forming disulfide-linked complexes. This covalent
interaction, as well as noncovalent interactions with SFFV gp55,
results in constitutive tyrosine phosphorylation of sf-Stk and its
association with multiple tyrosine-phosphorylated signal-transducing
molecules. In contrast, neither Epo stimulation in the absence of SFFV
gp55 expression nor expression of a mutant of SFFV that cannot interact
with sf-Stk was able to induce tyrosine phosphorylation of sf-Stk or
its association with any signal-transducing molecules. Covalent
interaction of sf-Stk with SFFV gp55 and constitutive tyrosine
phosphorylation of sf-Stk can also be detected in an erythroleukemia
cell line derived from an SFFV-infected mouse. Our results suggest that SFFV gp55 may mediate its biological effects in vivo by interacting with and activating a truncated form of the receptor tyrosine kinase Stk.
*
Corresponding author. Mailing address: Basic Research
Laboratory, Building 469, Room 205, National Cancer
Institute
Frederick, Frederick, MD 21702-1201. Phone: (301) 846-5740. Fax: (301) 846-6164. E-mail: ruscetti{at}ncifcrf.gov.
Journal of Virology, September 2001, p. 7893-7903, Vol. 75, No. 17
0022-538X/01/$04.00+0 DOI: 10.1128/JVI.75.17.7893-7903.2001
Copyright © 2001, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.
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