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Journal of Virology, September 2001, p. 7875-7881, Vol. 75, No. 17
0022-538X/01/$04.00+0 DOI: 10.1128/JVI.75.17.7875-7881.2001
Copyright © 2001, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.
Influenza Virus NS1 Protein Induces Apoptosis in Cultured
Cells
Stacey
Schultz-Cherry,1,*
Naomi
Dybdahl-Sissoko,2
Gabriele
Neumann,3
Yoshihiro
Kawaoka,3 and
Virginia
S.
Hinshaw3
Southeast Poultry Research Laboratory, Agricultural
Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Athens, Georgia
306051; Division of Viral and
Rickettsial Diseases, National Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers
for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
303332; and Department of
Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University
of Wisconsin
Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 537063
Received 2 April 2001/Accepted 24 May 2001
The importance of influenza viruses as worldwide pathogens in
humans, domestic animals, and poultry is well recognized. Discerning how influenza viruses interact with the host at a cellular level is
crucial for a better understanding of viral pathogenesis. Influenza viruses induce apoptosis through mechanisms involving the interplay of
cellular and viral factors that may depend on the cell type. However,
it is unclear which viral genes induce apoptosis. In these studies, we
show that the expression of the nonstructural (NS) gene of influenza A
virus is sufficient to induce apoptosis in MDCK and HeLa cells. Further
studies showed that the multimerization domain of the NS1 protein but
not the effector domain is required for apoptosis. However, this
mutation is not sufficient to inhibit apoptosis using whole virus.
*
Corresponding author. Mailing address: Southeast
Poultry Research Laboratory, USDA-ARS, 934 College Station Rd., Athens,
GA 30605. Phone: (706) 546-3464. Fax: (706) 546-3161. E-mail:
sschultz{at}seprl.usda.gov.
Journal of Virology, September 2001, p. 7875-7881, Vol. 75, No. 17
0022-538X/01/$04.00+0 DOI: 10.1128/JVI.75.17.7875-7881.2001
Copyright © 2001, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.
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