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Journal of Virology, September 2001, p. 7818-7827, Vol. 75, No. 17
0022-538X/01/$04.00+0 DOI: 10.1128/JVI.75.17.7818-7827.2001
Copyright © 2001, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.
Identification of a Putative Coreceptor on Vero
Cells That Participates in Dengue 4 Virus Infection
José de Jesús
Martínez-Barragán and
Rosa M.
del Angel*
Departamento de Patología
Experimental, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del
IPN, México City 07360, México
Received 1 February 2001/Accepted 29 May 2001
Dengue virus infects target cells by attaching to a cell surface
receptor through the envelope (E) glycoprotein, located on the surface
of the viral membrane. On Vero and BHK cells, heparan sulfate (HS)
moieties of proteoglycans are the receptors for dengue virus; however,
additional proteins have also been described as putative dengue virus
receptors on C6/36, HL60, and BM cells. HS can also act as a receptor
for other types of viruses or as an attachment molecule for viruses
that require additional host cell molecules to allow viral penetration.
In this study we searched for molecules other than HS that could
participate in dengue virus infection of Vero cells. Labeled dengue 4 virus bound with high affinity to two molecules of 74 and 44 kDa.
Binding of dengue virus to the 74-kDa molecule was susceptible to
protease and sodium periodate treatment and resistant to heparinase
treatments. Lectins such as concanavalin A and wheat germ agglutinin
prevented dengue virus binding to both the 74- and the 44-kDa protein
in overlay assays, while phytohemagglutinin P did not affect binding,
suggesting that carbohydrate residues (
-mannose or
N-acetylglucosamine) are important in virus binding to host
cells. Protease susceptibility, biotin labeling, and immunofluorescence
with a polyclonal antibody raised against the 74-kDa protein
consistently identified the protein on the surfaces of Vero cells.
Moreover, the antibody against the 74-kDa protein was able to inhibit
dengue virus infection. These data suggest that HS might serve as a
primary receptor, probably concentrating virus particles on the
surfaces of Vero cells, and then other molecules, such as the 74-kDa
protein, might participate as coreceptors in viral penetration. The
74-kDa protein possibly constitutes part of a putative receptor complex
for dengue virus infection of Vero cells.
*
Corresponding author. Mailing address: Departamento de
Patología Experimental, Centro de Investigación y de
Estudios Avanzados del IPN, Av. I.P.N. 2508. Col. San Pedro Zacatenco,
México, D.F. C.P. 07360, México. Phone: (525)
747-7000, ext. 5648. Fax: (525) 747-7107. E-mail:
rmangel{at}mail.cinvestav.mx.
Journal of Virology, September 2001, p. 7818-7827, Vol. 75, No. 17
0022-538X/01/$04.00+0 DOI: 10.1128/JVI.75.17.7818-7827.2001
Copyright © 2001, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.
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