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Journal of Virology, June 2001, p. 5663-5671, Vol. 75, No. 12
0022-538X/01/$04.00+0   DOI: 10.1128/JVI.75.12.5663-5671.2001
Copyright © 2001, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Modulation of Transporter Associated with Antigen Processing (TAP)-Mediated Peptide Import into the Endoplasmic Reticulum by Flavivirus Infection

Frank Momburg,1 Arno Müllbacher,2 and Mario Lobigs2,*

Division of Immunology and Cell Biology, John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia,2 and Department of Molecular Immunology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany1

Received 1 February 2001/Accepted 29 March 2001

In contrast to many other viruses that escape the cellular immune response by downregulating major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I molecules, flavivirus infection can upregulate their cell surface expression. Previously we have presented evidence that during flavivirus infection, peptide supply to the endoplasmic reticulum is increased (A. Müllbacher and M. Lobigs, Immunity 3:207-214, 1995). Here we show that during the early phase of infection with different flaviviruses, the transport activity of the peptide transporter associated with antigen processing (TAP) is augmented by up to 50%. TAP expression is unaltered during infection, and viral but not host macromolecular synthesis is required for enhanced peptide transport. This study is the first demonstration of transient enhancement of TAP-dependent peptide import into the lumen of the endoplasmic reticulum as a consequence of a viral infection. We suggest that the increased supply of peptides for assembly with MHC class I molecules in flavivirus-infected cells accounts for the upregulation of MHC class I cell surface expression with the biological consequence of viral evasion of natural killer cell recognition.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Division of Immunology and Cell Biology, John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, P.O. Box 334, Canberra, A.C.T. 2601, Australia. Phone: (61) 2 6125-4048. Fax: (61) 2 6125-2595. E-mail: Mario.Lobigs{at}anu.edu.au.

Journal of Virology, June 2001, p. 5663-5671, Vol. 75, No. 12
0022-538X/01/$04.00+0   DOI: 10.1128/JVI.75.12.5663-5671.2001
Copyright © 2001, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.


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