Binding of Recombinant Feline Immunodeficiency Virus Surface Glycoprotein to Feline Cells: Role of CXCR4, Cell-Surface Heparans, and an Unidentified Non-CXCR4 Receptor

doi:10.1128/JVI.75.10.4528-4539.2001

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Journal of Virology, May 2001, p. 4528-4539, Vol. 75, No. 10
0022-538X/01/$04.00+0 DOI: 10.1128/JVI.75.10.4528-4539.2001
Copyright © 2001, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Binding of Recombinant Feline Immunodeficiency Virus Surface Glycoprotein to Feline Cells: Role of CXCR4, Cell-Surface Heparans, and an Unidentified Non-CXCR4 Receptor

Aymeric de Parseval^* and John H. Elder

Department of Molecular Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037

Received 16 November 2000/Accepted 13 February 2001

To address the role of CXCR4 in the cell-surface attachment of the feline immunodeficency virus (FIV), a soluble fusion protein,gp95-Fc, consisting of the surface glycoprotein (SU, gp95) ofeither a primary (PPR) or cell line-adapted (34TF10) FIV strainwas fused in frame with the Fc domain of human immunoglobulinG1. The recombinant SU-immunoadhesins were used as probes to investigatethe cellular binding of FIV SU. In agreement with the host cellrange properties of both viruses, binding of 34TF10 gp95-Fc wasobserved for all cell lines tested, whereas PPR gp95-Fc boundonly to primary feline T cells. 34TF10 gp95-Fc also bound to Jurkatand HeLa cells, consistent with the ability of FIV to use humanCXCR4 as a fusion receptor. As expected, 34TF10 gp95-Fc bindingto Jurkat cells was blocked by addition of stromal cell-derivedfactor 1 $alpha$ (SDF-1 $alpha$ ), as was binding to the 3201 feline lymphomacell line. However, SDF-1 $alpha$ , RANTES, macrophage inflammatory protein1 $beta$ , and heparin all failed to inhibit the binding of either gp95-Fcto primary T cells, suggesting that a non-CXCR4 receptor is involvedin the binding of FIV SU. In this regard, an unidentified 40-kDaprotein species from the surface of primary T cells but not Jurkatand 3201 cells specifically coprecipitated with both gp95-Fc.Yet another type of binding of 34TF10 gp95-Fc to adherent kidneycells was noted. SDF-1 $alpha$ failed to block the binding of 34TF10gp95-Fc to either HeLa, Crandel feline leukemia, or G355-5 cells.However, binding was severely impaired in the presence of solubleheparin, as well as after enzymatic removal of surface heparansor on cells deficient in heparan expression. These overall findingssuggest that in addition to CXCR4, a non-CXCR4 receptor and cell-surfaceheparans also play an important role in FIV gp95 cell surfaceinteractions on specific targetcells.

^* Corresponding author. Mailing address: The Scripps Research Institute, Department of Molecular Biology MB-14, 10550 N. TorreyPines Rd., La Jolla, CA 92037. Phone: (858) 784-9707. Fax: (858)784-2750. E-mail: aymeric{at}scripps.edu.

Journal of Virology, May 2001, p. 4528-4539, Vol. 75, No. 10
0022-538X/01/$04.00+0 DOI: 10.1128/JVI.75.10.4528-4539.2001
Copyright © 2001, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

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