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Journal of Virology, January 2001, p. 490-498, Vol. 75, No. 1
0022-538X/01/$04.00+0   DOI: 10.1128/JVI.75.1.490-498.2001
Copyright © 2001, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Structure of Recombinant Rabies Virus Nucleoprotein-RNA Complex and Identification of the Phosphoprotein Binding site

Guy Schoehn,1 Frédéric Iseni,1,dagger Manos Mavrakis,1 Danielle Blondel,2 and Rob W. H. Ruigrok1,*

European Molecular Biology Laboratory Grenoble Outstation, 38042 Grenoble cedex 9,1 and Laboratoire de Génétique des Virus, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette cedex,2 France

Received 18 July 2000/Accepted 30 September 2000

Rabies virus nucleoprotein (N) was produced in insect cells, in which it forms nucleoprotein-RNA (N-RNA) complexes that are biochemically and biophysically indistinguishable from rabies virus N-RNA. We selected recombinant N-RNA complexes that were bound to short insect cellular RNAs which formed small rings containing 9 to 11 N monomers. We also produced recombinant N-RNA rings and viral N-RNA that were treated with trypsin and that had lost the C-terminal quarter of the nucleoprotein. Trypsin-treated N-RNA no longer bound to recombinant rabies virus phosphoprotein (the viral polymerase cofactor), so the presence of the C-terminal part of N is needed for binding of the phosphoprotein. Both intact and trypsin-treated recombinant N-RNA rings were analyzed with cryoelectron microscopy, and three-dimensional models were calculated from single-particle image analysis combined with back projection. Nucleoprotein has a bilobed shape, and each monomer has two sites of interaction with each neighbor. Trypsin treatment cuts off part of one of the lobes without shortening the protein or changing other structural parameters. Using negative-stain electron microscopy, we visualized phosphoprotein bound to the tips of the N-RNA rings, most likely at the site that can be removed by trypsin. Based on the shape of N determined here and on structural parameters derived from electron microscopy on free rabies virus N-RNA and from nucleocapsid in virus, we propose a low-resolution model for rabies virus N-RNA in the virus.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: EMBL Grenoble Outstation, c/o ILL, Polygone Scientifique, 6 rue Jules Horowitz, 38000 Grenoble, France. Phone: 33-4-76-20-72-73. Fax: 33-4-76-20-71-99. E-mail: ruigrok{at}embl-grenoble.fr.

dagger Present address: Department of Microbiology, University of Geneva Medical School, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland.

Journal of Virology, January 2001, p. 490-498, Vol. 75, No. 1
0022-538X/01/$04.00+0   DOI: 10.1128/JVI.75.1.490-498.2001
Copyright © 2001, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.


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