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Journal of Virology, May 2000, p. 4429-4432, Vol. 74, No. 9
0022-538X/00/$04.00+0
Copyright © 2000, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

High Frequency of Virus-Specific Interleukin-2-Producing CD4+ T Cells and Th1 Dominance during Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis Virus Infection

Steven M. Varga1,dagger and Raymond M. Welsh2,*

Program in Immunology and Virology1 and Department of Pathology,2 University of Massachusetts Medical Center, Worcester, Massachusetts 01655

Received 16 November 1999/Accepted 8 February 2000

Analysis of C57BL/6 mice acutely infected with lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) by using intracellular cytokine staining revealed a high frequency (2 to 10%) of CD4+ T cells secreting the Th1-associated cytokines interleukin-2 (IL-2), gamma interferon (IFN-gamma ), and tumor necrosis factor alpha, with no concomitant increase in the frequency of CD4+ T cells secreting the Th2-associated cytokines IL-4, IL-5, and IL-10 following stimulation with viral peptides. In LCMV-infected C57BL/6 CD8-/- mice, more than 20% of the CD4+ T cells secreted IFN-gamma after viral peptide stimulation, whereas less than 1% of the CD4+ T cells secreted IL-4 under these same conditions. Mice persistently infected with a high dose of LCMV clone 13 also generated a virtually exclusive Th1 response. Thus, LCMV induces a much more profound virus-specific CD4+ T-cell response than previously recognized, and it is dramatically skewed to a Th1 phenotype.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of Pathology, University of Massachusetts Medical Center, Worcester, MA 01655. Phone: (508) 856-5819. Fax: (508) 856-5780. E-mail: rwelsh{at}bangate.ummed.edu.

dagger Present address: Beirne B. Carter Center for Immunology Research, University of Virginia Health Sciences Center, Charlottesville, VA 22908.

Journal of Virology, May 2000, p. 4429-4432, Vol. 74, No. 9
0022-538X/00/$04.00+0
Copyright © 2000, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.


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