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Journal of Virology, April 2000, p. 3909-3917, Vol. 74, No. 8
Department of Experimental Pathology, Section
on Microbiology and Virology, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna,
Italy,1 and Institute of Cancerology and
Immunology, INSERM U.119, 13009 Marseille,
France2
Received 2 December 1999/Accepted 20 January 2000
The immunoglobulin-like receptors that mediate entry of herpes
simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) into human cells were found to mediate the
direct cell-to-cell spread of wild-type virus. The receptors here
designated Nectin1
0022-538X/00/$04.00+0
Copyright © 2000, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.
Cell-to-Cell Spread of Wild-Type Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1, but
Not of Syncytial Strains, Is Mediated by the Immunoglobulin-Like
Receptors That Mediate Virion Entry, Nectin1 (PRR1/HveC/HIgR) and
Nectin2 (PRR2/HveB)
and -
and Nectin2
were originally designated HIgR, PRR1/HveC, and PRR2
/HveB, respectively. We report the following. (i) Wild-type HSV-1 spreads from cell to cell in J cells
expressing nectin1
or nectin1
but not in parental J cells that
are devoid of entry receptors. A monoclonal antibody to nectin1, which
blocks entry, also blocked cell-to-cell spread in nectin1-expressing J
cells. Moreover, wild-type virus did not spread from a
receptor-positive to a receptor-negative cell. (ii) The antibody to
nectin1 blocked transmission of wild-type virus in a number of human
cell lines, with varying efficiencies, suggesting that nectin1 is the
principal mediator of wild-type virus spread in a variety of human
cell lines. (iii) Nectin1 did not mediate cell fusion induced by the
syncytial strains HSV-1(MP) and HFEM-syn. (iv) Nectin2
could serve
as a receptor for spread of a mutant virus carrying the L25P
substitution in glycoprotein D, but not of wild-type virus,
in agreement with its ability to mediate entry of the mutant but not of
wild-type virus.
*
Corresponding author. Mailing address: Dipartimento di
Patologia Sperimentale, Sezione di Microbiologia e Virologia, Via San Giacomo, 12, 40126 Bologna, Italy. Phone: 39 51 2094733/34. Fax: 39 51 2094747. E-mail: campadel{at}alma.unibo.it.
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