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Journal of Virology, April 2000, p. 3771-3780, Vol. 74, No. 8
0022-538X/00/$04.00+0

Golgi Network Targeting and Plasma Membrane Internalization Signals in Vaccinia Virus B5R Envelope Protein

Brian M. Ward and Bernard Moss*

Laboratory of Viral Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-0445

Received 25 October 1999/Accepted 27 January 2000

The vaccinia virus B5R type I integral membrane protein accumulates in the Golgi network, from where it becomes incorporated into the envelope of extracellular virions. Our objective was to determine the domains of B5R responsible for Golgi membrane targeting in the absence of other viral components. Fusion of an enhanced green fluorescent protein to the C terminus of B5R allowed imaging of the chimeric protein without altering intracellular trafficking and Golgi network localization in transfected cells. Deletion or swapping of B5R domains with corresponding regions of the vesicular stomatitis virus G protein, which is targeted to the plasma membrane, indicated that (i) the N-terminal extracellular domain of B5R had no specific role in Golgi apparatus localization, (ii) the transmembrane domain of B5R was sufficient for exiting the endoplasmic reticulum, and (iii) removal of the cytoplasmic tail impaired Golgi network localization and increased the accumulation of B5R in the plasma membrane. Further experiments demonstrated that the cytoplasmic tail mediated internalization of B5R from the plasma membrane, suggesting a retrieval mechanism. Mutagenesis revealed residues required for Golgi membrane localization and efficient plasma membrane retrieval of the B5R protein: a tyrosine at residue 310 and two adjacent leucines at residues 315 and 316.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: 4 Center Dr., MSC 0445, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892-0445. Phone: (301) 496-9869. Fax: (301) 480-1147. E-mail: bmoss{at}nih.gov.

Journal of Virology, April 2000, p. 3771-3780, Vol. 74, No. 8
0022-538X/00/$04.00+0


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J. Bacteriol. Mol. Cell. Biol. Microbiol. Mol. Biol. Rev.
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