Previous Article | Next Article 
Journal of Virology, March 2000, p. 2694-2702, Vol. 74, No. 6
0022-538X/00/$04.00+0
Copyright © 2000, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.
Replication of Lengthened Moloney Murine Leukemia
Virus Genomes Is Impaired at Multiple Stages
Nam-Hee
Shin,1
Dennis
Hartigan-O'Connor,2
Julie
K.
Pfeiffer,1 and
Alice
Telesnitsky1,*
Department of Microbiology and
Immunology1 and Medical Scientist
Training Program,2 University of Michigan
Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-0620
Received 20 August 1999/Accepted 8 December 1999
It has been assumed that RNA packaging constraints limit the size
of retroviral genomes. This notion of a retroviral "headful" was
tested by examining the ability of Moloney murine leukemia virus
genomes lengthened by 4, 8, or 11 kb to participate in a single
replication cycle. Overall, replication of these lengthened genomes was
5- to 10-fold less efficient than that of native-length genomes. When
RNA expression and virion formation, RNA packaging, and early stages of
replication were compared, long genomes were found to complete each
step less efficiently than did normal-length genomes. To test whether
short RNAs might facilitate the packaging of lengthy RNAs by
heterodimerization, some experiments involved coexpression of a short
packageable RNA. However, enhancement of neither long vector RNA
packaging nor long vector DNA synthesis was observed in the presence of
the short RNA. Most of the proviruses templated by 12 and 16 kb vectors
appeared to be full length. Most products of a 19.2-kb vector contained
deletions, but some integrated proviruses were around twice the native
genome length. These results demonstrate that lengthy retroviral
genomes can be packaged and that genome length is not strictly limited
at any individual replication step. These observations also suggest that the lengthy read-through RNAs postulated to be intermediates in
retroviral transduction can be packaged directly without further processing.
*
Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of
Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan Medical School,
5641 Medical Sciences Bldg. II, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-0620. Phone: (734) 936-6466. Fax: (734) 764-3562. E-mail: ateles{at}umich.edu.
Journal of Virology, March 2000, p. 2694-2702, Vol. 74, No. 6
0022-538X/00/$04.00+0
Copyright © 2000, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.
This article has been cited by other articles:
-
Onafuwa-Nuga, A., Telesnitsky, A.
(2009). The Remarkable Frequency of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Genetic Recombination. Microbiol. Mol. Biol. Rev.
73: 451-480
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
-
Duggal, N. K., Goo, L., King, S. R., Telesnitsky, A.
(2007). Effects of Identity Minimization on Moloney Murine Leukemia Virus Template Recognition and Frequent Tertiary Template-Directed Insertions during Nonhomologous Recombination. J. Virol.
81: 12156-12168
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
-
Metzl, C., Mischek, D., Salmons, B., Gunzburg, W. H., Renner, M., Portsmouth, D.
(2006). Tissue- and Tumor-Specific Targeting of Murine Leukemia Virus-Based Replication-Competent Retroviral Vectors. J. Virol.
80: 7070-7078
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
-
Flynn, J. A., An, W., King, S. R., Telesnitsky, A.
(2004). Nonrandom Dimerization of Murine Leukemia Virus Genomic RNAs. J. Virol.
78: 12129-12139
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
-
An, W., Telesnitsky, A.
(2004). Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Transductive Recombination Can Occur Frequently and in Proportion to Polyadenylation Signal Readthrough. J. Virol.
78: 3419-3428
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
-
Baldeschi, C., Gache, Y., Rattenholl, A., Bouille, P., Danos, O., Ortonne, J.-P., Bruckner-Tuderman, L., Meneguzzi, G.
(2003). Genetic correction of canine dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa mediated by retroviral vectors. Hum Mol Genet
12: 1897-1905
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
-
Onafuwa, A., An, W., Robson, N. D., Telesnitsky, A.
(2003). Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Genetic Recombination Is More Frequent Than That of Moloney Murine Leukemia Virus despite Similar Template Switching Rates. J. Virol.
77: 4577-4587
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
-
Marzio, G., Vink, M., Verhoef, K., de Ronde, A., Berkhout, B.
(2002). Efficient Human Immunodeficiency Virus Replication Requires a Fine-Tuned Level of Transcription. J. Virol.
76: 3084-3088
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
-
Brincat, J. L., Pfeiffer, J. K., Telesnitsky, A.
(2002). RNase H Activity Is Required for High-Frequency Repeat Deletion during Moloney Murine Leukemia Virus Replication. J. Virol.
76: 88-95
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
-
Pfeiffer, J. K., Telesnitsky, A.
(2001). Effects of Limiting Homology at the Site of Intermolecular Recombinogenic Template Switching during Moloney Murine Leukemia Virus Replication. J. Virol.
75: 11263-11274
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
-
Logg, C. R., Logg, A., Tai, C.-K., Cannon, P. M., Kasahara, N.
(2001). Genomic Stability of Murine Leukemia Viruses Containing Insertions at the Env-3' Untranslated Region Boundary. J. Virol.
75: 6989-6998
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
-
Pfeiffer, J. K., Georgiadis, M. M., Telesnitsky, A.
(2000). Structure-Based Moloney Murine Leukemia Virus Reverse Transcriptase Mutants with Altered Intracellular Direct-Repeat Deletion Frequencies. J. Virol.
74: 9629-9636
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
-
Mouland, A. J., Mercier, J., Luo, M., Bernier, L., DesGroseillers, L., Cohen, E. A.
(2000). The Double-Stranded RNA-Binding Protein Staufen Is Incorporated in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1: Evidence for a Role in Genomic RNA Encapsidation. J. Virol.
74: 5441-5451
[Abstract]
[Full Text]