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Journal of Virology, February 2000, p. 1572-1577, Vol. 74, No. 3
0022-538X/00/$04.00+0
Copyright © 2000, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Two Distinct Gamma-2 Herpesviruses in African Green Monkeys: a Second Gamma-2 Herpesvirus Lineage among Old World Primates?

Julie Greensill,1 Julie A. Sheldon,1 Neil M. Renwick,2 Brigitte E. Beer,3,4 Steve Norley,4 Jaap Goudsmit,2 and Thomas F. Schulz1,*

Molecular Virology Group, Department of Medical Microbiology and Genitourinary Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom1; Department of Human Retrovirology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands2; Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland3; and Paul-Ehrlich-Institut, Langen, Germany4

Received 19 July 1999/Accepted 8 November 1999

Primate gamma-2 herpesviruses (rhadinoviruses) have so far been found in humans (Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus [KSHV], also called human herpesvirus 8), macaques (Macaca spp.) (rhesus rhadinovirus [RRV] and retroperitoneal fibromatosis herpesvirus [RFHV]), squirrel monkeys (Saimiri sciureus) (herpesvirus saimiri), and spider monkeys (Ateles spp.) (herpesvirus ateles). Using serological screening and degenerate consensus primer PCR for the viral DNA polymerase gene, we have detected sequences from two distinct gamma-2 herpesviruses, termed Chlorocebus rhadinovirus 1 (ChRV1) and ChRV2, in African green monkeys. ChRV1 is more closely related to KSHV and RFHV, whereas ChRV2 is closest to RRV. Our findings suggest the existence of two distinct rhadinovirus lineages, represented by the KSHV/RFHV/ChRV1 group and the RRV/ChRV2 group, respectively, in at least two Old World monkey species. Antibodies to members of the RRV/ChRV2 lineage may cross-react in an immunofluorescence assay for early and late KSHV antigens.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of Medical Microbiology and G.U. Medicine, University of Liverpool, Duncan Building, Daulby St., Liverpool L69 3GA, United Kingdom. Phone: 44-151-7064381. Fax: 44-151-7065805. E-mail: tschulz{at}liv.ac.uk.

Journal of Virology, February 2000, p. 1572-1577, Vol. 74, No. 3
0022-538X/00/$04.00+0
Copyright © 2000, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.


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