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Journal of Virology, February 2000, p. 1252-1257, Vol. 74, No. 3
0022-538X/00/$04.00+0
Copyright © 2000, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.
Human Receptor for Measles Virus (CD46) Enhances
Nitric Oxide Production and Restricts Virus Replication in Mouse
Macrophages by Modulating Production of Alpha/Beta Interferon
Yuko
Katayama,
Akiko
Hirano, and
Timothy C.
Wong*
Department of Microbiology, University of
Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington 98195
Received 19 July 1999/Accepted 21 October 1999
Complement regulatory protein CD46 is a human cell receptor for
measles virus (MV). In this study, we investigated why mouse macrophages expressing human CD46 restricted MV replication and produced higher levels of nitric oxide (NO) in response to MV and gamma
interferon (IFN-
). Treatment of MV-infected CD46-expressing mouse
macrophages with antibodies against IFN-
/
blocked NO production. Antibodies against IFN-
/
also inhibited the augmenting effect of
MV on IFN-
-induced NO production in CD46-expressing mouse macrophages. These antibodies did not affect NO production induced by
IFN-
alone. These data suggest that MV enhances NO production in
CD46-expressing mouse macrophages through action of IFN-
/
. Mouse
macrophages expressing a human CD46 mutant lacking the cytoplasmic domains were highly susceptible to MV. These cells produced much lower
levels of NO and IFN-
/
upon infection by MV, suggesting the CD46
cytoplasmic domains enhanced IFN-
/
production. When mouse
macrophages expressing tailless human CD46 were exposed to culture
medium from MV-infected mouse macrophages expressing intact human CD46,
viral protein synthesis and development of cytopathic effects were
suppressed. Pretreating the added culture medium with antibodies
against IFN-
/
abrogated these antiviral effects. Taken together,
these findings suggest that expression of human CD46 in mouse
macrophages enhances production of IFN-
/
in response to MV
infection, and IFN-
/
synergizes with IFN-
to enhance NO
production and restrict viral protein synthesis and virus replication.
This novel function of human CD46 in mouse macrophages requires the
CD46 cytoplasmic domains.
*
Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of
Microbiology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98195. Phone: (206) 685-2162. Fax: (206) 543-8297. E-mail:
timwong{at}u.washington.edu.

Present address: National Kinki-chuo Hospital, Osaka,
Japan.
Journal of Virology, February 2000, p. 1252-1257, Vol. 74, No. 3
0022-538X/00/$04.00+0
Copyright © 2000, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.
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