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Journal of Virology, December 2000, p. 11993-11999, Vol. 74, No. 24
0022-538X/00/$04.00+0
Copyright © 2000, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Simian Homologues of Human Gamma-2 and Betaherpesviruses in Mandrill and Drill Monkeys

Vincent Lacoste,1 Philippe Mauclere,1,2 Guy Dubreuil,3 John Lewis,4 Marie-Claude Georges-Courbot,3 Jacques Rigoulet,5 Thierry Petit,6 and Antoine Gessain1,*

Unité d'Oncologie Virale, Département du SIDA et des Rétrovirus, Institut Pasteur,1 and Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle,5 Paris, and Zoo La Palmyre, Les Mathes,6 France; Centre International de Recherches Médicales, Franceville, Gabon3; Centre Pasteur du Cameroun, Yaoundé, Cameroon2; and International Zoo Veterinary Group, Keigthley, West Yorkshire, United Kingdom4

Received 25 July 2000/Accepted 21 September 2000

Recent serological and molecular surveys of different primate species allowed the characterization of several Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) homologues in macaques, African green monkeys, chimpanzees, and gorillas. Identification of these new primate rhadinoviruses revealed the existence of two distinct genogroups, called RV1 and RV2. Using a degenerate consensus primer PCR method for the herpesvirus DNA polymerase gene, the presence of KSHV homologues has been investigated in two semi-free-ranging colonies of eight drill (Mandrillus leucophaeus), five mandrill (Mandrillus sphinx), and two hybrid (Mandrillus leucophaeus-Mandrillus sphinx) monkeys, living in Cameroon and Gabon, Central Africa. This search revealed the existence of not only two distinct KSHV homologues, each one belonging to one of the two rhadinovirus genogroups, but also of two new betaherpesvirus sequences, one being close to cytomegaloviruses and the other being related to human herpesviruses 6 and 7 (HHV-6 and -7). The latter viruses are the first simian HHV-6 and -7 homologues identified to date. These data show that mandrill and drill monkeys are the hosts of at least four novel distinct herpesviruses. Moreover, mandrills, like macaques and African green monkeys, harbor also two distinct gamma-2 herpesviruses, thus strongly suggesting that a second gamma-2 herpesvirus, belonging to the RV2 genogroup, may exist in humans.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Unité d'Oncologie Virale, Département du SIDA et des Rétrovirus, Institut Pasteur, 25-28 rue du Dr. Roux, 75724 Paris Cedex 15, France. Phone: 33 (0)1 45 68 89 37. Fax: 33 (0)1 40 61 34 65. E-mail: agessain{at}pasteur.fr.

Journal of Virology, December 2000, p. 11993-11999, Vol. 74, No. 24
0022-538X/00/$04.00+0
Copyright © 2000, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.


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