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Journal of Virology, December 2000, p. 11773-11781, Vol. 74, No. 24
0022-538X/00/$04.00+0
Copyright © 2000, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Striking Similarity of Murine Nectin-1alpha to Human Nectin-1alpha (HveC) in Sequence and Activity as a Glycoprotein D Receptor for Alphaherpesvirus Entry

Deepak Shukla,1 Mauro C. Dal Canto,2 Cynthia L. Rowe,1 and Patricia G. Spear1,*

Department of Microbiology-Immunology1 and Department of Pathology,2 Northwestern University Medical School, Chicago, Illinois 60611

Received 26 May 2000/Accepted 14 September 2000

A cDNA encoding the murine homolog of human nectin-1alpha (also known as poliovirus receptor-related protein 1 [Prr1] and herpesvirus entry protein C [HveC]) was isolated. The protein encoded by this cDNA proved to be 95% identical in sequence to the human protein and to have similar herpesvirus entry activity. Upon expression of the murine cDNA in hamster cells resistant to alphaherpesvirus entry, the cells became susceptible to the entry of herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 (HSV-1 and -2), pseudorabies virus, and bovine herpesvirus 1. HSV envelope glycoprotein D (gD), a viral ligand for human nectin-1alpha , is also a ligand for the murine homolog based on evidence that (i) a soluble hybrid protein composed in part of the murine nectin-1 ectodomain bound specifically to purified soluble forms of HSV-1 and HSV-2 gD as demonstrated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, (ii) a soluble hybrid of HSV-1 gD bound to hamster cells expressing murine nectin-1alpha but not to control cells, and (iii) cells expressing both murine nectin-1alpha and one of the alphaherpesvirus gDs were resistant to entry of HSV-1, indicative of interference with entry resulting from interactions of cell-associated gD with the entry receptor. Northern blot analysis revealed that nectin-1 is expressed in most of the mouse tissues examined and at high levels in the brain, skin, and kidneys. Immunocytochemical localization demonstrated the presence of nectin-1 in epithelial cells of the mouse vagina and also in neuronal cells of the central nervous system, suggesting an expression pattern relevant to both infection at a portal of entry and spread of infection to the brain.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of Microbiology-Immunology, MC S213, Northwestern University, 320 E. Superior St., Chicago, IL 60611. Phone: (312) 503-8230. Fax: (312) 503-1339. E-mail: p-spear{at}northwestern.edu.

Journal of Virology, December 2000, p. 11773-11781, Vol. 74, No. 24
0022-538X/00/$04.00+0
Copyright © 2000, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.


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