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Journal of Virology, November 2000, p. 10745-10751, Vol. 74, No. 22
0022-538X/00/$04.00+0
Copyright © 2000, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

CD21-Mediated Entry and Stable Infection by Epstein-Barr Virus in Canine and Rat Cells

Lixin Yang, Seiji Maruo, and Kenzo Takada*

Department of Tumor Virology, Institute for Genetic Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-8638, Japan

Received 5 June 2000/Accepted 14 August 2000

We developed an adenovirus vector for transduction of the human CD21 gene (Adv-CD21), the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-specific receptor on human B lymphocytes, to overcome the initial barrier of EBV infection in nonprimate mammalian cells. Inoculation of Adv-CD21 followed by exposure to recombinant EBV carrying a selectable marker resulted in the successful entry of EBV into three of seven nonprimate mammalian cell lines as evidenced by expression of EBV-determined nuclear antigen (EBNA). The EBV-susceptible cell lines included rat glioma-derived 9L, rat mammary carcinoma-derived c-SST-2, and canine kidney-derived MDCK. Subsequent selection culture with G418 yielded drug-resistant cell clones. In these cell clones, EBV existed as an episomal form, as evidenced through the Gardella gel technique. Among the known EBV latency-associated gene products, EBV-encoded small RNAs, EBNA1 and transcripts from the BamHI-A rightward reading frame (BARF0), and latent membrane protein 2A were expressed in all EBV-infected cell clones. The viral lytic events could be induced in these cell clones by simultaneous treatment with 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate and n-butyric acid, but they were abortive, and infectious virus was not produced. These results indicate that once the initial barrier for attachment is overcome artificially, EBV can establish a stable infection in some nonprimate mammalian cells, and they raise the possibility that transgenic animals with the human CD21 gene could provide an animal model for EBV infection.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of Tumor Virology, Institute for Genetic Medicine, Hokkaido University, N15 W7, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-8638, Japan. Phone: 81-11-706-5071. Fax: 81-11-717-1128. E-mail: keutaka{at}med.hokudai.ac.jp.

Journal of Virology, November 2000, p. 10745-10751, Vol. 74, No. 22
0022-538X/00/$04.00+0
Copyright © 2000, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.


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