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Journal of Virology, October 2000, p. 9771-9775, Vol. 74, No. 20
0022-538X/00/$04.00+0
Efficacy of Postexposure Prophylaxis after
Intravaginal Exposure of Pig-Tailed Macaques to a Human-Derived
Retrovirus (Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 2)
Ron A.
Otten,1,*
Dawn K.
Smith,2
Debra R.
Adams,1
Jennifer K.
Pullium,1,3
Eddie
Jackson,4
Caryn N.
Kim,1
Harold
Jaffe,1
Robert
Janssen,2
Sal
Butera,1 and
Thomas M.
Folks1
Division of AIDS, STD, and TB Laboratory
Research1 and Scientific Resources
Program,4 National Center for Infectious
Diseases, and Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention, Surveillance,
and Epidemiology, National Center for HIV, STD, and TB
Prevention,2 Centers for Disease Control and
Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia 30333, and Division of Animal
Resources, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
303323
Received 23 March 2000/Accepted 14 July 2000
Postexposure prophylaxis (PEP) after intravaginal exposure to human
immunodeficiency virus (HIV) was investigated using the HIV type 2 (HIV-2)/pig-tailed macaque transmission model. PEP for 28 days with the
reverse transcriptase inhibitor
(R)-9-(2-phosphonylmethoxypropyl)adenine (PMPA; tenofovir)
was initiated 12 to 72 h following HIV-2 exposure. Systemic
infection was not evident in the 12- and 36-h groups, as defined by
plasma viremia, cell-associated provirus, antibody responses, and lymph
node virus. Breakthrough infection in the 72-h group was detected at
week 16 post-virus exposure. These results demonstrate for the first
time using a vaginal transmission model that early intervention after
high-risk sexual exposures may prevent infection.
*
Corresponding author. Mailing address: Mailstop G-19,
HARB, DASTLR, NCID, CDC, 1600 Clifton Rd., Atlanta, GA 30333. Phone: (404) 639-1018. Fax: (404) 639-1174. E-mail: rxol{at}cdc.gov.
Journal of Virology, October 2000, p. 9771-9775, Vol. 74, No. 20
0022-538X/00/$04.00+0
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