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Journal of Virology, October 2000, p. 9488-9497, Vol. 74, No. 20
0022-538X/00/$04.00+0
Copyright © 2000, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

In Vitro and In Vivo Characterization of a Murine Cytomegalovirus with a Transposon Insertional Mutation at Open Reading Frame M43

Jianqiao Xiao, Tuong Tong, Xiaoyan Zhan, Erik Haghjoo, and Fenyong Liu*

Program in Infectious Diseases and Immunity, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720

Received 7 June 2000/Accepted 25 July 2000

We have recently generated a pool of murine cytomegalovirus (MCMV) mutants by using a Tn3-based transposon mutagenesis approach. In this study, one of the MCMV mutants, RvM43, which contained the transposon inserted in open reading frame M43, was characterized. Our results provide the first direct evidence to suggest that M43 is not essential for viral replication in vitro in NIH 3T3 cells. Moreover, RvM43 exhibited a titer similar to that of the wild-type virus in the lungs, livers, spleens, and kidneys of both BALB/c and SCID mice and was as virulent as the wild-type virus in killing SCID mice that had been intraperitoneally infected with the viruses. In contrast, titers of the mutant virus in the salivary glands of the infected animals at 21 days postinfection were significantly (100 to 1,000-fold) lower than those of the wild-type virus and a rescued virus that restored the M43 region and its expression. Thus, M43 appears to be not essential for viral growth in vivo in the lungs, livers, spleens, and kidneys of infected animals and is also dispensable for virulence in killing SCID mice. Moreover, our results suggest that M43 is an MCMV determinant for growth in the salivary glands. Studies of viral genes required for replication in the salivary glands are important in understanding the mechanism of viral tropism for the salivary glands and shedding in saliva, which is believed to be one of the major routes of CMV transmission among healthy human populations.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Program in Infectious Diseases and Immunity, School of Public Health, 140 Warren Hall, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720. Phone: (510) 643-2436. Fax: (510) 642-6350. E-mail: liu_fy{at}uclink4.berkeley.edu.

Journal of Virology, October 2000, p. 9488-9497, Vol. 74, No. 20
0022-538X/00/$04.00+0
Copyright © 2000, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.


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