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Journal of Virology, October 2000, p. 9362-9371, Vol. 74, No. 20
0022-538X/00/$04.00+0
Copyright © 2000, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.
Biochemical Characterization of Rotavirus Receptors
in MA104 Cells
Carlos A.
Guerrero,1,
Selene
Zárate,1
Gabriel
Corkidi,2
Susana
López,1 and
Carlos F.
Arias1,*
Departamento de Genética y
Fisiología Molecular, Instituto de
Biotecnología,1 and Laboratorio
de Procesamiento de Imágenes, Centro de
Instrumentos,2 Universidad Nacional
Autónoma de México, Cuernavaca, Morelos 62250, Mexico
Received 10 March 2000/Accepted 18 July 2000
We have tested the effect of metabolic inhibitors, membrane
cholesterol depletion, and detergent extraction of cell surface molecules on the susceptibility of MA104 cells to infection by rotaviruses. Treatment of cells with tunicamycin, an inhibitor of
protein N glycosylation, blocked the infectivity of the SA-dependent rotavirus RRV and its SA-independent variant nar3 by about 50%, while
the inhibition of O glycosylation had no effect. The inhibitor of
glycolipid biosynthesis
d,l-threo-1-phenyl-2-decanoylamino-3-morpholino-1-propanol (PDMP) blocked the infectivity of RRV, nar3, and the human rotavirus strain Wa by about 70%. Sequestration of cholesterol from the cell
membrane with
-cyclodextrin reduced the infectivity of the three
viruses by more than 90%. The involvement of N-glycoproteins, glycolipids, and cholesterol in rotavirus infection suggests that the
virus receptor(s) might be forming part of lipid microdomains in the
cell membrane. MA104 cells incubated with the nonionic detergent
octyl-
-glucoside (OG) showed a ca. 60% reduction in their ability
to bind rotaviruses, the same degree to which they became refractory to
infection, suggesting that OG extracts the potential virus receptor(s)
from the cell surface. Accordingly, when preincubated with the viruses,
the OG extract inhibited the virus infectivity by more than 95%. This
inhibition was abolished when the extract was treated with either
proteases or heat but not when it was treated with neuraminidase,
indicating the protein nature of the inhibitor. Two protein fractions
of around 57 and 75 kDa were isolated from the extract, and these
fractions were shown to have rotavirus-blocking activity. Also,
antibodies to these fractions efficiently inhibited the infectivity of
the viruses in untreated as well as in neuraminidase-treated cells.
Five individual protein bands of 30, 45, 57, 75, and 110 kDa, which
exhibited virus-blocking activity, were finally isolated from the OG
extract. These proteins are good candidates to function as rotavirus receptors.
*
Corresponding author. Mailing address: Instituto de
Biotecnología/UNAM, A.P. 510-3, Colonia Miraval, Cuernavaca,
Morelos 62250, México. Phone: (52-73) 29-1661. Fax (52-73)
17-2388. E-mail: arias{at}ibt.unam.mx.

Permanent address: Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de
Medicina, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá,
Colombia.
Journal of Virology, October 2000, p. 9362-9371, Vol. 74, No. 20
0022-538X/00/$04.00+0
Copyright © 2000, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.
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