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Journal of Virology, January 2000, p. 1004-1007, Vol. 74, No. 2
0022-538X/00/$04.00+0
Copyright © 2000, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

A Human Milk Factor Susceptible to Cathepsin D Inhibitors Enhances Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Infectivity and Allows Virus Entry into a Mammary Epithelial Cell Line

Kamal El Messaoudi,1,* Lise F. Thiry,1 Corinne Liesnard,2 Nicole Van Tieghem,3 Alex Bollen,1 and Nicole Moguilevsky1

Department of Applied Genetics, Faculty of Science,1 Department of Virology,2 and Department of Microbiology,3 Faculty of Medicine, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium

Received 14 June 1999/Accepted 30 September 1999

Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) growth in lymphocyte cultures was increased when the virus inoculum was incubated in breast milk. The enhancing effect of milk was abolished by anti-cathepsin D antibody or by pepstatin A, a cathepsin D inhibitor. The cathepsin D-producing CD4-negative MCF7 mammary cells supported the growth of some HIV-1 isolates. An MCF7 line chronically producing HIV-1 IIIb was obtained. Cathepsin D may induce conformational modification of viral gp120, allowing direct interaction with a coreceptor. We demonstrated the presence of CXCR4 mRNA in MCF7 cells.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Service de Génétique Appliquée, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 12 Rue des Professeurs Jeener et Brachet, B-6041 Gosselies, Belgium. Phone: 32 2 650 99 01. Fax: 32 2 650 99 00. E-mail: Kelmessa{at}sga.ulb.ac.be.

Journal of Virology, January 2000, p. 1004-1007, Vol. 74, No. 2
0022-538X/00/$04.00+0
Copyright © 2000, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.


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