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Journal of Virology, September 2000, p. 8472-8479, Vol. 74, No. 18
0022-538X/00/$04.00+0
Copyright © 2000, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.
Identification of Carbohydrate-Binding Domains in
the Attachment Proteins of Type 1 and Type 3 Reoviruses
James D.
Chappell,1,2
Joy L.
Duong,2
Benjamin W.
Wright,2 and
Terence S.
Dermody1,2,3,*
Departments of
Pediatrics1 and Microbiology and
Immunology3 and Elizabeth B. Lamb Center
for Pediatric Research,2 Vanderbilt University
School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232
Received 1 March 2000/Accepted 20 June 2000
The reovirus attachment protein,
1, is responsible for
strain-specific patterns of viral tropism in the murine central nervous system and receptor binding on cultured cells. The
1 protein consists of a fibrous tail domain proximal to the virion surface and a
virion-distal globular head domain. To better understand mechanisms of
reovirus attachment to cells, we conducted studies to identify the
region of
1 that binds cell surface carbohydrate. Chimeric and
truncated
1 proteins derived from prototype reovirus strains type 1 Lang (T1L) and type 3 Dearing (T3D) were expressed in insect cells by
using a baculovirus vector. Assessment of expressed protein
susceptibility to proteolytic cleavage, binding to anti-
1 antibodies, and oligomerization indicates that the chimeric and truncated
1 proteins are properly folded. To assess carbohydrate binding, recombinant
1 proteins were tested for the capacity to
agglutinate mammalian erythrocytes and to bind sialic acid presented on
glycophorin, the cell surface molecule bound by type 3 reovirus on
human erythrocytes. Using a panel of two wild-type and ten chimeric and
truncated
1 proteins, the sialic acid-binding domain of type 3
1
was mapped to a region of sequence proposed to form the more amino
terminal of two predicted
-sheet structures in the tail. This unit
corresponds to morphologic region T(iii) observed in computer-processed
electron micrographs of
1 protein purified from virions. In
contrast, the homologous region of T1L
1 sequence was not implicated
in carbohydrate binding; rather, sequences in the distal portion of the
tail known as the neck were required. Results of these studies
demonstrate that a functional receptor-binding domain, which uses
sialic acid as its ligand, is contained within morphologic region
T(iii) of the type 3
1 tail. Furthermore, our findings indicate that
T1L and T3D
1 proteins contain different arrangements of
receptor-binding domains.
*
Corresponding author. Mailing address: Lamb Center for
Pediatric Research, D7235 MCN, Vanderbilt University School of
Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232. Phone: (615) 343-9943. Fax: (615)
343-9723. E-mail:
terry.dermody{at}mcmail.vanderbilt.edu.
Journal of Virology, September 2000, p. 8472-8479, Vol. 74, No. 18
0022-538X/00/$04.00+0
Copyright © 2000, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.
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