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Journal of Virology, September 2000, p. 8434-8443, Vol. 74, No. 18
0022-538X/00/$04.00+0
Copyright © 2000, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Natural Genetic Exchanges between Vaccine and Wild Poliovirus Strains in Humans

Sophie Guillot,1 Valérie Caro,1 Nancy Cuervo,1 Ekaterina Korotkova,2 Mariana Combiescu,3 Ana Persu,3 Andrei Aubert-Combiescu,3 Francis Delpeyroux,1 and Radu Crainic1,*

Molecular Epidemiology of Enteroviruses, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France,1 Belozerski Institute, Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia,2 and Institut Cantacuzino, Bucharest, Romania3

Received 20 March 2000/Accepted 23 June 2000

In a previous study of poliovirus vaccine-derived strains isolated from patients with vaccine-associated paralytic poliomyelitis (VAPP) (9, 11), we reported that a high proportion (over 50%) of viruses had a recombinant genome. Most were intertypic vaccine/vaccine recombinants. However, some had restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) profiles different from those of poliovirus vaccine strains. We demonstrate here that five such recombinants, of 88 VAPP strains examined, carried sequences of wild (nonvaccine) origin. To identify the parental wild donor of these sequences, we used RFLP profiles and nucleotide sequencing to look for similarity in the 3D polymerase-coding region of 61 wild, cocirculating poliovirus isolates (43 type 1, 16 type 2, and 2 type 3 isolates). In only one case was the donor identified, and it was a wild type 1 poliovirus. For the other four vaccine/wild recombinants, the wild parent could not be identified. The possibility that the wild sequences were of a non-poliovirus-enterovirus origin could not be excluded. Another vaccine/wild recombinant, isolated in Belarus from a VAPP case, indicated that the poliovirus vaccine/wild recombination is not an isolated phenomenon. We also found wild polioviruses (2 of 15) carrying vaccine-derived sequences in the 3' moiety of their genome. All these results suggest that genetic exchanges with wild poliovirus and perhaps with nonpoliovirus enteroviruses, are also a natural means of evolution for poliovirus vaccine strains.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Epidémiologie Moléculaire des Entérovirus, Institut Pasteur, 25 rue du Dr. Roux, 75724 Paris Cedex 15, France. Phone: 33 1 4568 8763. Fax: 33 1 4568 8780. E-mail: craira{at}pasteur.fr.

Journal of Virology, September 2000, p. 8434-8443, Vol. 74, No. 18
0022-538X/00/$04.00+0
Copyright © 2000, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.


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