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Journal of Virology, September 2000, p. 7997-8002, Vol. 74, No. 17
0022-538X/00/$04.00+0
Copyright © 2000, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Detachment of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 from Germinal Centers by Blocking Complement Receptor Type 2

Laco Kacani,1,2 Wolfgang M. Prodinger,1,* Georg M. Sprinzl,3 Michael G. Schwendinger,1,dagger Martin Spruth,1,2,dagger Heribert Stoiber,1,2 Susanne Döpper,1,2 Sabine Steinhuber,1 Franz Steindl,4 and Manfred P. Dierich1,2

Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for AIDS Research,2 Institute for Hygiene and Social Medicine,1 and Department of Otorhinolaryngology,3 University of Innsbruck, A-6020 Innsbruck, and Institute of Applied Microbiology, University of Agriculture, A-1190 Vienna,4 Austria

Received 17 February 2000/Accepted 9 June 2000

After the transition from the acute to the chronic phase of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, complement mediates long-term storage of virions in germinal centers (GC) of lymphoid tissue. The contribution of particular complement receptors (CRs) to virus trapping in GC was studied on tonsillar specimens from HIV-infected individuals. CR2 (CD21) was identified as the main binding site for HIV in GC. Monoclonal antibodies (MAb) blocking the CR2-C3d interaction were shown to detach 62 to 77% of HIV type 1 from tonsillar cells of an individual in the presymptomatic stage. Although they did so at a lower efficiency, these antibodies were able to remove HIV from tonsillar cells of patients under highly active antiretroviral therapy, suggesting that the C3d-CR2 interaction remains a primary entrapment mechanism in treated patients as well. In contrast, removal of HIV was not observed with MAb blocking CR1 or CR3. Thus, targeting CR2 may facilitate new approaches toward a reduction of residual virus in GC.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Institut für Hygiene und Sozialmedizin, Universität Innsbruck, Fritz-Pregl-Strasse 3, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria. Phone: 43 512 507 3424. Fax: 43 512 507 2870. E-mail: wolfgang.prodinger{at}uibk.ac.at.

dagger Present address: Baxter AG, A-1221 Vienna, Austria.

Journal of Virology, September 2000, p. 7997-8002, Vol. 74, No. 17
0022-538X/00/$04.00+0
Copyright © 2000, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.


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