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Journal of Virology, August 2000, p. 7381-7390, Vol. 74, No. 16
0022-538X/00/$04.00+0
Copyright © 2000, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Evolution of Circulating Wild Poliovirus and of Vaccine-Derived Poliovirus in an Immunodeficient Patient: a Unifying Model

Gene V. Gavrilin,1 Elena A. Cherkasova,1 Galina Y. Lipskaya,1 Olen M. Kew,2 and Vadim I. Agol1,3,*

A. N. Belozersky Institute of Physical-Chemical Biology, Moscow State University, Moscow 119899,1 and M. P. Chumakov Institute of Poliomyelitis and Viral Encephalitides, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow Region 142782,3 Russia, and National Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia 303332

Received 15 March 2000/Accepted 18 May 2000

We determined nucleotide sequences of the VP1 and 2AB genes and portions of the 2C and 3D genes of two evolving poliovirus lineages: circulating wild viruses of T geotype and Sabin vaccine-derived isolates from an immunodeficient patient. Different regions of the viral RNA were found to evolve nonsynchronously, and the rate of evolution of the 2AB region in the vaccine-derived population was not constant throughout its history. Synonymous replacements occurred not completely randomly, suggesting the need for conservation of certain rare codons (possibly to control translation elongation) and the existence of unidentified constraints in the viral RNA structure. Nevertheless the major contribution to the evolution of the two lineages came from linear accumulation of synonymous substitutions. Therefore, in agreement with current theories of viral evolution, we suggest that the majority of the mutations in both lineages were fixed as a result of successive sampling, from the heterogeneous populations, of random portions containing predominantly neutral and possibly adverse mutations. As a result of such a mode of evolution, the virus fitness may be maintained at a more or less constant level or may decrease unless more-fit variants are stochastically generated. The proposed unifying model of natural poliovirus evolution has important implications for the epidemiology of poliomyelitis.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Institute of Poliomyelitis, Moscow Region 142782, Russia. Phone: 7 (095) 439 9026. Fax: 7 (095) 439 9321. E-mail: viago{at}ipive.genebee.msu.su.

Journal of Virology, August 2000, p. 7381-7390, Vol. 74, No. 16
0022-538X/00/$04.00+0
Copyright © 2000, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.


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