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Journal of Virology, July 2000, p. 6689-6694, Vol. 74, No. 14
0022-538X/00/$04.00+0
Copyright © 2000, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

CD4-Independent Infection of Two CD4/CCR5/CXCR4⁺ Pre-T-Cell Lines by Human and Simian Immunodeficiency Viruses

Alessandra Borsetti,^1,* Cristina Parolin,² Barbara Ridolfi,¹ Leonardo Sernicola,¹ Andrea Geraci,¹ Barbara Ensoli,¹ and Fausto Titti¹

Laboratory of Virology, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome,¹ and Department of Histology, Microbiology and Medical Biotechnologies, University of Padua, Padua,² Italy

Received 30 December 1999/Accepted 24 April 2000

The infection of CD4-negative cells by variants of tissue culture-adapted human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) or HIV-2 strains has been shown to be mediated by the CXCR4 coreceptor. Here we show that two in vitro-established CD4/CCR5/CXCR4⁺ human pre-T-cell lines (A3 and A5) can be productively infected by wild-type laboratory-adapted T-cell-tropic HIV-1 and HIV-2 strains in a CD4-independent, CXCR4-dependent fashion. Despite the absence of CCR5 expression, A3 and A5 cells were susceptible to infection by the simian immunodeficiency viruses SIVmac239 and SIVmac316. Thus, at least in A3 and A5 cells, one or more of the chemokine receptors can efficiently support the entry of HIV and SIV isolates in the absence of CD4. These findings suggest that to infect cells of different compartments, HIV and SIV could have evolved in vivo to bypass CD4 and to interact directly with an alternative receptor.

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^* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Laboratory of Virology, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy. Phone: 39-06-49903321. Fax: 39-06-49387184. E-mail: borsetti{at}iss.it.

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Journal of Virology, July 2000, p. 6689-6694, Vol. 74, No. 14
0022-538X/00/$04.00+0
Copyright © 2000, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

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