Parameters of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection of Human Cervical Tissue and Inhibition by Vaginal Virucides

doi:10.1128/JVI.74.12.5577-5586.2000

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Journal of Virology, June 2000, p. 5577-5586, Vol. 74, No. 12
0022-538X/00/$04.00+0
Copyright © 2000, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Parameters of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection of Human Cervical Tissue and Inhibition by Vaginal Virucides

Peter Greenhead, Peter Hayes, Patricia S. Watts, Ken G. Laing, George E. Griffin, and Robin J. Shattock^*

Department of Infectious Diseases, St. George's Hospital Medical School, London SW17 ORE, United Kingdom

Received 20 March 2000/Accepted 24 March 2000

Heterosexual transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is the most frequent mode of infection worldwide. However,the immediate events between exposure to infectious virus andestablishment of infection are still poorly understood. This studyinvestigates parameters of HIV infection of human female genitaltissue in vitro using an explant culture model. In particular,we investigated the role of the epithelium and virucidal agentsin protection against HIV infection. We have demonstrated thatthe major target cells of infection reside below the genital epithelium,and thus HIV must cross this barrier to establish infection. Immuneactivation enhanced HIV infection of such subepithelial cells.Furthermore, our data suggest that genital epithelial cells werenot susceptible to HIV infection, appear to play no part in thetransfer of infectious virus across the epithelium, and thus mayprovide a barrier to infection. In addition, experiments usinga panel of virucidal agents demonstrated differential efficiencyto block HIV infection of subepithelial cells from partial tocomplete inhibition. This is the first demonstration that virucidalagents designed for topical vaginal use block HIV infection ofgenital tissue. Such agents have major implications for worldhealth, as they will provide women with a mechanism of personaland covert protection from HIVinfection.

^* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of Infectious Diseases, St. George's Hospital Medical School, London SW17ORE, United Kingdom. Phone: 44 (0) 181 725 5855. Fax: 44 (0) 181725 3487. E-mail: shattock{at}sghms.ac.uk.

Journal of Virology, June 2000, p. 5577-5586, Vol. 74, No. 12
0022-538X/00/$04.00+0
Copyright © 2000, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

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