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Journal of Virology, June 2000, p. 4949-4956, Vol. 74, No. 11
0022-538X/00/$04.00+0
Copyright © 2000, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

The Epithelial Integrin alpha vbeta 6 Is a Receptor for Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus

Terry Jackson,1,* Dean Sheppard,2 Michael Denyer,3 Wendy Blakemore,1 and Andrew M. Q. King1

Department of Molecular Biology1 and Department of Immunology and Pathology,3 Institute for Animal Health, Pirbright, Surrey GU24 ONF, United Kingdom, and Lung Biology Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California 94143-08542

Received 3 December 1999/Accepted 1 March 2000

Field isolates of foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) have been shown to use the RGD-dependent integrin alpha vbeta 3 as a cellular receptor on cultured cells. However, several other RGD-dependent integrins may have the potential to act as receptors for FMDV in vivo. Of these, alpha vbeta 6 is a likely candidate for use as a receptor by FMDV as it is expressed on epithelial cells, which correlates with the tissue tropism of the virus. In this report, we show that human colon carcinoma cells (SW480) that are normally nonpermissive for FMDV become susceptible to infection as a result of transfection with the integrin beta 6 subunit and expression of alpha vbeta 6 at the cell surface. Integrin alpha vbeta 6 is the major site for virus attachment on the beta 6-transfected cells, and binding to alpha vbeta 6 serves to increase the rate of virus entry into these cells. In addition, we show that virus binding and infection of the beta 6-transfected cells is mediated through an RGD-dependent interaction that is specifically inhibited by a monoclonal antibody (10D5) that recognizes alpha vbeta 6. These studies establish a role for alpha vbeta 6 as a cellular receptor for FMDV.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Pirbright Laboratory, Institute for Animal Health, Ash Rd., Pirbright, Surrey GU24 ONF, United Kingdom. Phone: 44-1483-232441. Fax: 44-1483-237161. E-mail: terry.jackson{at}bbsrc.ac.uk.

Journal of Virology, June 2000, p. 4949-4956, Vol. 74, No. 11
0022-538X/00/$04.00+0
Copyright © 2000, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.


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