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Journal of Virology, September 1999, p. 7787-7794, Vol. 73, No. 9
0022-538X/99/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1999, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Cytopathogenic and Noncytopathogenic RNA Replicons of Classical Swine Fever Virus

Christian Moser,dagger Peter Stettler, Jon-Duri Tratschin,* and Martin A. Hofmann

Institute of Virology and Immunoprophylaxis, CH-3147 Mittelhäusern, Switzerland

Received 3 November 1998/Accepted 9 June 1999

To determine the minimal requirements for autonomous RNA replication of classical swine fever virus (CSFV), genomes having in-frame deletions within the genes for structural and flanking nonstructural proteins were constructed, based on an infectious cDNA clone of CSFV Alfort/187. RNA was transcribed in vitro from the respective plasmids and transfected into SK-6 swine kidney cells. The replication competence of the RNA was determined by immunostaining transfected cells for CSFV NS3 protein and by analysis of cell extracts for viral RNA, as well as protein synthesis at different times after transfection. The genes encoding Npro, C, Erns, E1, E2, p7, and NS2 proved to be dispensable for RNA replication, but the efficiency of replication varied strongly between individual constructs. RNA replicons containing the complete NS2-NS3 gene persisted in transfected cells and continued to replicate without causing any obvious morphological or functional damage to the cells, whereas genomes lacking the NS2 gene replicated more efficiently and induced a cytopathic effect. These findings suggest that NS2, although it is not essential for pestivirus RNA replication, has a regulatory function therein. Both cytopathogenic and noncytopathogenic replicons were packaged into virus particles provided in trans by a cotransfected full-length helper virus genome.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Institute of Virology and Immunoprophylaxis, CH-3147 Mittelhäusern, Switzerland. Phone: 41 31 848 92 11. Fax: 41 31 848 92 22. E-mail: jon-duri.tratschin{at}ivi.admin.ch.

dagger Present address: Institute of Human Gene Therapy, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA 19104-4268.

Journal of Virology, September 1999, p. 7787-7794, Vol. 73, No. 9
0022-538X/99/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1999, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.


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